The concept of soul in Descartes and Ryle

This study intends to expose Descartes and Ryle's concept of the soul in the context of the historical development of science-philosophy or the relationship between physics and metaphysics. It is certain that the concept and theories revealed during the process of science-philosophy relationship towards science have developed within this relationship. In the early times, when philosophy, theology, and science were inwardly embodied in the historical process, concept of the soul was taken as a metaphysical question and attempted to be explained in this frame. It seems possible that we can see the traces of the relationship between science and philosophy in the views of soul. As can be seen in the historical process of the concept of the soul, it has developed from an animistic perspective to a scientific perspective. Scientific developments have played a role in shaping concept and theories about the soul. In Descartes, the soul appears to be involved in a mathematical ontology. The mathematics that establishes the link between metaphysics and natural sciences is helping to understand the metaphysical elements in the Descartesian perspective. In Descartes there is a scientific-metaphysical field of the problem of soul. In Ryle, it seems that there is a logical category fallacy at the heart of the attribution of a domain of existence outside the physical world to the soul. In Ryle, the problem of soul is a logic-based metaphysical field that acts on the physical phenomenon. In Ryle, it seems that there is a logical category fallacy about the soul at the heart of the attribution of a domain of existence outside physical world. In Ryle, the problem of the soul exists in a logic-based metaphysical field based on the physical phenomenon. Although Descartes reveals the soul, even though it is supported by physiological elements, the soul has a separate existence and a place, and is not understood as we understand the body. In Descartes it appears that man has a life that includes two separate worlds, the soul and the body. Ryle describes Descartes' soul-body dualism as 'the ghost of the machine'. He sees the dogma, which an individual seems as a mysterious settled ghost in a machine, as the removal of the soul from the realm of physical phenomena. While revealing the soul of Ryle, a kind of phenomenon, which is based on human experience, is based on logical analysis rather than turning to phenomenons. From Descartes to Ryle it seems that the concept of the soul has evolved from the metaphysical to the totally physical field.