Evaluation of the effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester, which is an active component of propolis and medical plant extract ankaferd blood stopper on secondary wound healing in diabetic and non-diabetic rats

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Ankaferd Blood Stopper (ABS) and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on oral secondary wound healing. A total of 126 male Wistar rats, weighing 250-300 g in average, were used in the study. Rats were randomly divided into six group: Non-diabetic ABS group, non-diabetic CAPE group, non-diabetic control group,diabetic ABS group, diabetic CAPE group, diabetic control group. General anaesthesia of the rats were conducted with intra-muscular ketamine (8 mg/100g). In their muco-periosteum that are between molar teeth, a full thickness excisional wound was created by using a 4 mm 'punch' biopsy tool. Healthy 63 rats were intraperitoneally injected with Streptozotocin (STZ) (Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO) 50 mg/kg in 0.2 ml 10 m citrate solution. After a week, if the blood glucose value of the rat are ≥250mg/dl, the rats are considered to be diabetic. 0.1 ml topical ABS was applied to ABS groups, 100mmol/kg topical CAPE application was applied to CAPE groups and saline application was applied to control groups. Each group were divided into subgroups as a histologic and a biochemical analyze group. Seven animals from each group were sacrificed at 7, 14 and 21 days. The palatal specimens were stained with hemotoxylin and eosin to measure the mean wound depth and width. VEGF and TSG-6 protein expression were determined by western blot method. The results of the statistical analysis determined the Inflammation and vessel dilatation and hemorrhage to be significantly lower in the non-diabetic CAPE group than the control group at 7 day (p<0.05). The results of the statistical analysis determined the fibrosis to be significantly higher in the non-diabetic ABS group than the control group at 14 day (p<0.05). The results of the statistical analysis determined the vessel dilatation and hemorrhage to be significantly lower in the diabetic ABS and CAPE group than the control group at 7, 14, 21. day (p<0.05). When the VEGF protein levels were compared, an increase was found non-diabetic CAPE 21. day and non-diabetic ABS 7. day. Expression of TSG-6 increased in the 7th day of the Cape and 21 days of the ABS in non-diabetic rats. VEGF expression was increased on ABS 7th day, CAPE 14th day and ABS 21th day. Expression of TSG-6 increased in the 7th day of the Cape in diabetic rats. In the present study, the effect of ABS and CAPE on wound healing process were tested using histological and biochemical methods in diabetic and non-diabetic rats. Within the results of obtained data, it is concluded that ABS and CAPE has positive effect on wound healing process.