Clinical characteristics and survi̇val analysis of multiple myeloma and lymphoma due to autologous stem cell transplantation during 2008 and 2016 years at Dicle University Hematology Clinic

Objective: Multiple myeloma (MM) and Lymphomas are among the most common types of hematologic cancer. In MM,high dose chemotherapy (HDC) with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) is the standard treatment approach for patients under 65 years of age and with good performance aged 65 to 75 years.Similarly, in patients with refractory disease and recurrence,HSCT-assisted HDC is an appropriate treatment option in Lymphomas. In our study, we retrospectively evaluated the outcome of our MM and Lymphoma patients with ASCT in our clinic. Methods: The files prepared from the diagnosis of patients with MM and Lymphoma which planned for ASCT in our hematology clinic have been reviewed.The study group consisted of 64 patients with Lymphoma and MM who were over 18 years and under 75 years old underwent ASCT between 2008 and 2016. Results: There were 42(65.6%) MM, 13(20.4%) HL (hodgkin lymphoma) and 9(14%) NHL (non hodgkin lymphoma).16(38%) of the MM patients were female and 26(62%) were male and 8(36.4%) of the lymphoma patients were female and 14(63.6%) were male. Mean age was 53.6 ± 10 years in MM, age range (24-73) and 3(7%) were over 65 years. The mean age in Lymphoma was 39 ± 14.4 years and the age range was (19-64) years. Pre-transplant MM patients were 6(14.3%) with PR (partial response), 36 (85.7%) with VGPR(very good partial response) or CR(complete response).11 (26.2%) patients died and 20 (47.6%) patients had recurrence,progression.10 (45.5%) of the patients with lymphoma were PR, 12 (54.5%) were VGPR or CR. 6 (27.7%) patients died, and 12 (54.5%) patients had recurrence, progression. Hematologic improvement after transplantation in both groups was 100% and there was no mortality during operation and after discharge. Statistically significant long survival times were found in patients with MM and Lymphoma who had no recurrence after transplantation and patients with pre-transplantation CR or VGPR. There was no statistically significant survival benefit of the renal function status pre-transplantation and chemotherapy regimens in induction therapy in MM.Statistically significant effect of survival was detected,according to the disease stage and IPI (international prognostic index) in Lymphoma. There were no statistically significant effects of the number of treatments given or the time of transplantation in both groups. Conclusion: In our ASCT treated patients, pre-transplant response status and post-transplant recurrence status were prognostic factors affecting survival and survival times were longer in patients with good response and those without recurrence. Although there was no statistically significant difference in renal function status on MM, there were significant differences in survival times. IPI risk status and disease stage in Lymphoma were prognostic factors affecting survival. Patients at low risk have longer survival times. Patients in the early stage also had a longer survival time. Key Words: Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation, High Dose Chemotherapy, Multiple Myeloma, Survival Time