Investigation of the relationship between anckle-brachial index and peripheral flow pattern, vascular diameter ratio and metabolic parameters in patients with diabetic foot

Diabetic foot ulcers and resulting lower extremity major amputations are common, fatal chronic complications of diabetes. Ischemia due to peripheral artery disease is one of the most important underlying causes for diabetic foot ulcers. Early diagnosis of peripheral artery disease is important in diabetic patients in order to prevent the delayed diagnosis of peripheral artery disease, which is one of the etiological causes of diabetic foot, the symptoms caused by diabetic neuropathy and to prevent poor prognosis. In diabetic foot patients, ankle-brachial index (ABI) measurement, evaluates the vascular flow pattern and vascular thickness ratios in lower extremity computed tomography (CT) angiography together with metabolic and clinical parameters to determine the prevalence of peripheral artery disease with non-invasive methods. To determine the early diagnosis of asymptomatic patients at risk and to examine the risk factors in terms of taking necessary precautions. A total of 101 people, 40 patients with a diagnosis of diabetic foot, 31 patients with a diagnosis of non-complicated diabetes, and 30 healthy controls were included in the study. In the analysis of the data, Chi-Square analysis (Pearson Chi-square), Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Student t-test, Mann Whitney-U test, Spearman Correlation test were used. SPSS 22 package program was used in the analysis of the data. The significance value was taken as p≤ 0.05. It was observed that there was a significant difference in terms of gender between the groups (p <0.001). Diabetic foot has been shown to be more common in males. In 24 of 40 patients with diabetic foot diagnosis, the diabetic foot was localized as the right foot. The wagner classification of 15.4% of the diabetic foot group included in the study is type 2, 71.8% is type 3 and 12.8% is type 4. There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of ABI-right (p = 0.014). The rate of collateral circulation, plaque and stenosis was the highest in the diabetic foot group. There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of collateral circulation, plaque and stenosis (p <0.05). The stenosis degree of the diabetic foot group was significantly higher than the stenosis degree of the diabetic group. As a result; Atherosclerotic changes are more common in patients with diabetic foot, and ischemia due to peripheral artery disease is one of the most important underlying causes of diabetic foot ulcers. ABI is a non-invasive, cheap and simple method for early diagnosis and treatment of peripheral vascular insufficiency in these patients, and its diagnostic value becomes more meaningful when supported by bt angiographic findings, metabolic and clinical markers. Keywords: Diabetic foot, peripheral vascular insufficiency, ankle-brachial index, bt angiography.