Investigation of groundwater in Diyarbakır basin and its modelling using GIS

Though increasing of the population, potential of the potable/usable water supply in the world is decreasing due to water pollution and climatic changes. For that reason, determination of superficial water sources as well as systematically measurement of groundwater sources to determine the available static water level then to pursue its pollution ratio and utility, are very important activities to be followed up. In the first chapters, formation of the groundwater sources, motion ability of the plates which carry underground water as well as motion ability of the basement per diameter of soil particles, definition of Geographical Information Systems (GIS ), its advantages and methodology are presented as a preliminary knowledge. Then data about general geological and meteorological characteristics of Diyarbakir basin and also its natural resources ? including water resources ? are submitted to provide a general information. In the Material and Method Section within the Fifth Chapter, milestones of this study and the knowledge about how one can get the aim are introduced. In the Sixth Chapter, data for submersible pumps which are taken as a reference to design the relevant maps are used to compose thematic maps. Analysis data of the abovementioned water resources which were obtained in laboratories of DSI and Koy Hizmetleri, irrigation grade of groundwater level quality per USA salinity diagram and classification for water utility as per Wilcox are revealed in Chapter Seven. Consequently, map of static water level of groundwater in Diyarbakir basin, map of dynamic water level, maps for efficiency of submersible pumps are prepared using Geographical Information Systems ( GIS ). So, updating these maps, it will be possible hereafter to check variations of water levels. Especially, it is pointed out that water pollution of Mardin formation originated from Beykan oil production plant will be a serious threat for groundwater resources of Diyarbakir Centrum. KEYWORDS : Diyarbakir basin, groundwater, static water level, dynamic water level, efficiency of pumps, Geographical Information Systems, water quality.