Investigation of the reliability and validity of the Turkish adaptation of the "Baecke habitual physical activity ouestionnaire" in individuals with knee osteoarthritis

The aim of this study is to examine the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Baecke Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire (BHFAA) in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA). A total of 109 person with a mean age of 61.69±7.0 years and diagnosed with Stage 3 - 4 knee OA according to Kellgren - Lawrence diagnostic criteria were included in the study. After recording the demographic information of the individuals, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) were used for the study, and step counts were recorded using a smart watch. Internal consistency analysis and test - retest method were used for the reliability analysis of the scale. For the test - retest method, BHFAA was re - administered to all subjects 7 days later. Cronbach's Alpha (α) was used to calculate internal consistency and Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient was used to calculate test - retest reliability. Explanatory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were performed for validity analysis. Spearman correlation analysis was performed with IPAQ, WOMAC and step counts for similar scale validity. In the reliability analysis, the Cronbach Alpha coefficient was used for internal consistency, and the result was calculated as 0.50 and found to be moderate. Cronbach's Alpha coefficient for the sub-dimensions of the scale; 0.64 for work sub - dimension, 0.83 for sports sub - dimension and 0.37 for leisure activities sub - dimension. The test - retest reliability coefficient was found to be 0.841. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) were used to determine the construct validity of the BHFAA. According to DFA, it was determined that two items did not confirm the structure. According to EFA, it was determined that the scale had 4 factors, while it should have had 3 factors. At similar scale validity values, moderate to high correlations were observed between BHFAA and IPAQ (r= 0.50), WOMAC (r= -0.24) and number of steps (r= 0.67) (p=0.05). All these results showed that the BHFAA adapted into Turkish is a reliable and valid tool for individuals with knee OA.