Controlled anti-canser drug delivery from albumin micro and nano carriers synthesized with natural cross linkers

Cancer is one of the diseases with the highest mortality rate in the world. The most common form of treatment is chemotherapy. However, chemotherapy damages not only cancer cells but also healthy body cells. While cancer patients' immune system works at low performance, they also damage their healthy cells, which puts the patient in a very difficult process. Our goal in cancer treatment is to destroy only cancer cells. This can only be achieved with the development of nanotechnology. In most of the nanotechnological studies, intravenous administration of various micro and nanocarriers to the patients is on the agenda. While synthesizing these carriers, various polymers are used as well as different cross-linking agents are used. The carriers synthesized in this thesis study were synthesized using albumin protein. Albumin is 55% in our blood. For this reason, it is a biocompatible molecule. At the same time, studies have shown that the albumin molecule accumulates in the cancerous area. In this way, a cancer-targeted study was carried out. The crosslinker used in traditional methods is glutaraldehyde. Above a certain dose of glutaraldehyde creates a fatal effect. Its use in already immunocompromised patients can be quite dangerous. In this thesis, natural crosslinkers were used. These natural crosslinkers are gallic acid, tannic acid, quercetin. These chemicals are phenolic compounds. They are also all antioxidants. In this way, it is planned to have a lethal effect on cancer cells. The effect of the drug was also loaded on the synthesized albumin microcarriers and albumin nanocarriers, and its effects were examined. Thus, the effects with and without drugs were compared. In this thesis, albumin microcarriers were synthesized using the coacervation method. Albumin nanocarriers were synthesized by the desolvation method, but some problems were experienced at this stage. In the coacervation method, albumin nanocarriers were synthesized by modifying the method. Optimum conditions were determined by looking at the length distributions of the carriers. Fouirer transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), hydrolytic degradation, and the amount of drug release of synthesized drug carriers were measured for the characterization of the synthesized carriers under these selected conditions. In-vitro cytotoxic assays of the synthesized carriers were performed with the 3-4,5-dimethyl thiazolyl-2,5-diphenyltetrazoium bromide (MTT) test. A549 lung cancer cell line and HT29 colon cancer cell line were studied. As a result of the trials, when the cytotoxic effects were examined, it was seen that the non-drug loaded carriers were as effective as the medicated carriers, and the natural cross-linkers were as effective as the drugs. Thus, cancer-targeted studies were made using a biocompatible polymer such as albumin, and an anticancer effect was created with natural antioxidants without using chemical drugs. It can be considered as an alternative treatment method for cancer treatment.