The 1936 Montro Straits Convention in the sovereignty, geopolitic, international security triangle and the status of the Turkish Straits

The aim of the research is to examine the Montreux Straits Convention, which provides the full sovereignty of the Republic of Turkey over the Turkish Straits, and also brings integrity to the National Pact, within the framework of the concepts of sovereignty, geopolitics and international security. The status of the Straits has been handled over the concept of "geopolitics", which was relatively ignored in the post-Cold War period, and the effects of the concept of "sovereignty" on "national security" and "international security" were also examined. In the historical fiction, the geopolitical importance of the straits, which are military and commercial water passageways, has been emphasized. In order to better analyze the Montreux Straits Conference and the text of the Convention, the general picture was tried to be clarified by mentioning the developments before and after it within the framework of geopolitics and sovereignty concepts. As a method, theoretical articles and books explaining the concepts of geopolitics, sovereignty and international security were examined and theoretical comparisons were made. In order to embody the research, conference minutes and papers were examined. By comparing the English texts with the Turkish texts, the essence of the discussions that revealed the contract text was tried to be revealed. In addition, the copies of the press organs of the period were reached and their repercussions in the public were discussed. First World War disrupted free trade. In the period after the First World War, states that had a say in maritime trade such as England and France began to have doubts about the safety of maritime passageways. In the following years, Japan's occupation of Manchuria and Italy's occupation of Ethiopia created an atmosphere of insecurity in the international arena. It can be stated that the League of Nations remained slow and relatively passive in solving international problems in that period. It can be stated that the determination of the states to ensure the security of trade networks spread over a wide geography forms the basis of the Montreux Convention. The request for a new agreement put forward by the Republic of Turkey in this period, combined with the concerns arising from the conditions of the period, was evaluated positively by the parties. The results we come across in the light of all these findings; It is that the international system of the period was anarchic, contrary to the desired peace environment. Another result of the Montreux Straits Convention of Black Sea littoral states and other participants while protecting the rights of the states, however, who declared on the basis of full sovereignty over the territory of the Republic of Turkey and that there was a contract that protects. With this feature, it is a contract that is still implemented by the states parties without objection.