A research to study the 1AL.1RS and 1BL.1RS rye translocations and allelic variation of dwarfing genes in bread and durum wheat cultivars

The objective of present work is to found allelic variation for dwarfing genes (Rht-B1, Rht-D1) and also to see the presence or absence of 1AL.1RS and 1BL.1RS wheat-rye translocation in the wheat. From 1931 to date, registered 111 bread wheat, 26 durum wheat varieties and some landraces from Turkey were used as a plant material in this study.The results of this study showed that 62 out of 102 bread wheat cultivars contained Rht-B1a allele while, 40 varieties carried Rht-B1b allele. In the studied 26 durum wheat genotypes, sixteen durum wheat cultivars carried Rht-B1a allele, whereas other 10 varieties contained Rht-B1b allele. The frequency of dwarfing genes Rht-B1b and Rht-B1a was determined as 39% and 61% respectively in the examined 128 bread and durum wheat genotypes. In addition to this, 4 out of 92 bread wheat varieties (4.3%) also carried Rht-D1b allele (dwarf allele).To study the 1AL.1RS and 1BL.1RS rye translocations, total of 137 bread and durum wheat cultivars were screened. The results revealed that only 5 bread wheat varieties carried 1BL.1RS translocation, whereas no 1AL.1RS translocation had been observed. Only 2.9% 1BL.1RS rye translocation was determined in the studied 137 Turkish wheat varieties. In conclusion, PCR based DNA analysis had been proven as a powerful tool for identification of genotypes and marker assisted selection in wheat breeding.