Role of the organizational culture in the relationship between the transactional and transformational leadership behaviors and the organizational commitment: Study in healthcare organization

Organizational behavior discipline came into prominence after 20th century. Many researches have been made on the subjects of this discipline, as in leadership, organizational commitment and organizational culture, and many theories have been developed. In this study, whether if the organizational culture plays a part in the relation between leadership and organizational commitment is researched. Through literary research on leadership, organizational commitment and organizational culture concepts, these concepts and related approaches are explained. The main motivation in choosing this subject for this study is the scarcity of the studies on this subject both nationwide and worldwide and especially lack of studies on this subject in the field of medicine in Turkey. Through a practice executed in four hospitals, owned by a private medical institution, intermediary role of organizational culture on the relation between the transactional and transformational leadership behavior, as perceived by employees from various departments, and their organizational commitment levels, is aimed to be researched in this study. With this aim, a survey has been conducted with 416 employees, working in these four hospitals. The questionnaire, which is used to detect the leadership behaviors, organizational commitment and organizational culture, as perceived by employees, consists of four parts. Within the first part, the questions are about the demographical information of the employees. Within the second part, "Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire" with 36 questions that aimed to determine employees' perception on transactional and transformational leadership behavior is used. Within the third part, "Three-Component Organizational Commitment Questionnaire", which includes 18 questions that aimed to determine the employees' levels of organizational commitment, is used. And the fourth part consists of Hofstede's "Organizational Culture Questionnaire", which includes 19 questions. In this study, the relation between the transactional and transformational leadership behavior, as perceived by doctors, nurses and administrative staff, and their organizational commitment, and the role of organizational culture in this relation, is analyzed by establishing the equality model. In this research, a positive and meaningful correlation between the transactional and transformational leadership behavior, as perceived by doctors, nurses and administrative staff, and their organizational commitment, has been found. While among nurses and administrative staff, a statistically meaningful correlation between the organizational culture and organizational commitment was found, for doctors, no correlation was detected. Therefore, while for nurses and administrative staff, we can tell that there is an intermediary role of organizational commitment on the relation between the transactional and transformational leadership behavior and organizational commitment, the same does not apply for the doctors.