The problems and solutions in the teaching of chemistry in secondary science education

In this study, according to the correct answers which were given by the students of class 7for the unit of ?Granular Structure of Matter? which is course of chemistry of the previous year and by the students of class 8 for the unit of ?Structure and Properties of Matter? which is course of chemistry of the previous year; determining of success and permanence offered by the students for cognitive levels is aimed for variables of gender, income level of students? families, education levels of the students? mothers, education levels of the students? fathers and dwelling place of the students and also according to the correct answers, determining of realization levels of selected acquisitions for units which are mentioned above for cognitive levels is aimed.The study was applied for 9 primary school in Elazığ city center, 6 primary school in county center and 2 primary school in villages in academic year2011-2012. 670 students from class 7 and 584 students from class 8, totally 1254 students constitute of the sample.In this research,15 questions every of which according to the Bloom?s Taxonomy of Cognitive Levels evaluate at least one acquisition were prepared for applying to class 7 and 8 for the units of ?Granular Structure of Matter? which is unit of class 6 and ?Structure and Properties of Matter? which is unit of class 7. When the questions were being selected expert opinion was sought for determining of realization levels for cognitive levels of acquisitions and which step was the most permanent.It was determined that student acquisitions which are determined by Ministry of Education were at the steps of knowledge, understanding and practice which are first three steps of Bloom?s Taxonomy but acquisitions were not take place at the higher steps of the Bloom?s Taxonomy also based on the expert opinion. Therefore questions were selected in accordance with this three steps.SSPS has been used for analysis. Independent Sample t-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) have been used for this research.According to the acquiring data, reliability of achievement test has been calculated 0,73, mean difficulty index has been calculated 0,52 and distinguishing index has been calculated0,34 for the classes 7; reliability of achievement test has been calculated 0,73, mean difficulty index has been calculated 0,49 and distinguishing index has been calculated 0,47 for the classes 8. These results show that achievement tests are well designed in terms of distinguishing, difficulty and reliability. Research evidences has been commented with 0,05 level of significance.Acquisitions for the knowledge and practice steps weren't acquired for classes 7 because of remaining below limit of %70 which is set in accordance with the correct answers. For the understanding step, K.4.1.;K4.4. which is assessed for question 1, K.1.3.;K.1.5. which is assessed for question 7 and K.1.2. which is assessed for question 9 has been acquired owing to being above limit of %70 which is set for the correct answers. Permanence and achievement are the highest forsuccessively understanding, practice and knowledge steps for cognitive levels. Women studentswho are living in city center, have family whose income above 2250 TL and whose mothers and fathers have university graduate have become the most successful group for understanding step which has the highest permanence. Acquisitions for the understanding steps wasn't acquired for classes 8 because of remaining below limit of %70 which is set in accordance with the correct answers.For the knowledge step, K.6.3.which assessed for question 2 and for the practice step, K.2.5. which is assessed for question 4 has been acquired owing to being above limit of %70 which is set for the correct answers. Permanence is the highest except variable of dwelling place (For variable of the village, practice step is the highest for achievement and permanence) for successively knowledge, practice and understanding steps for cognitive levels.Women students who are living in city center, have family whose income above 2250 TL and whose mothers? education level is other and fathers have university graduate have become the most successful group for knowledge step which has the highest permanence. Keywords : Acquisitions, Bloom?s Taxonomy, Cognitive Levels, Granular Structure of Matter Unit for Class 6, Properties and Structure of Matter Unit for Class 7.