Strengthening and completing intervention with determination of structural system and reasons of traditional masonary structures, Diyarbakir Surici example

Diyarbakir's traditional urban texture was built on an area surrounded by walls. In region called as Suriçi, there are many traditional buildings that reflect the different techniques of construction, design, history and art of different periods. Although some of them have reached today by preserving their originality, a significant part of them are among the cultural assets we lost. The most important factors are the structural system problems and damages they cause in the monumental buildings and traditional houses that survive today with different damage and structural problems. Therefore, the problems of the structural system should be determined correctly and the proposals for strengthening should be developed to provide the structural integrity of the cultural assets and for their future sustainability. In this study, the architectural features, existing locations, structural problems and structural system damages of traditional masonary structures located in the Suriçi region were investigated observationally and instrumental measurements were performed on some of the most damaged structural samples. Measurements were made on Urfa Kapı wall and tower, Surp Sargis Church, Iskender Pasha Mosque, Deva hammam, Çifte Khan and a traditional house for monthly intervals during one year. Crack with, surface loss, duration of sound propagation between electrodes, sound propagation speed were measured by an ultrasonic tester and temperature and humidity changes were determined by using a heat moisture meter. Strengthening and complementary intervention is proposed for observational and instrumental structural system damage. Flow diagrams and diagrams of structures have been created with the proposals presented and it has been seen that the obtained data and effects may vary according to the types of structures. It is aimed to evaluate the structural analyzes of the traditional masonary structures for the bearing system damage and to gain the sustainability characteristics by restoring the masonary structures in the same structure type to the city and country economies. It is aimed that the proposals for the traditional masonary structures in the Suriçi region will be a guide for the studies in other regions. Keywords: Diyarbakır, Suriçi, structural system, damage, Instrumental and observational measurements, strengthening.