The effects of nitrogen doses application on the production and quality of aspir (Carthamus tinctorius L.) in Southeastern Anatolia Region

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius, L.) is a heat and drought resistant oil plant with oil and oil components suitable for human nutrition. For this reason, it should be emphasized that Turkey has the potential to close the edible oil deficit, can be grown in alternative areas, can alternate and narrow the fallow areas. This study was carried out to determine the effects of different nitrogen doses on yield and oil quality in some safflower genotypes. Dinçer and Remzibey genotypes were used as material in the study. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied in 5 different doses (0, 4, 8, 12 and 20 kg/da). Field trials were carried out in the research area of Dicle University in the production year of 2020-2021, according to the randomized blocks split plots trial design, with three replications. To determine effects of different nitrogen doses on the varieties as plant height, number of branches, number of heads, seed number in capitula, diameter of capitula, grain yield, thousand grains, chlorophyll amount were determined, protein and oil content which provide important information about quality and fatty acid compositions were determined. As a consequence of trials carried out in field conditions, In the study, although it varies according to genotypes, the difference between genotypes and the differences between nitrogen dose applications were found to be significant. As a result of the research, the nitrogen dose rate was found to be effective. Plant height 76,99-120,03 cm, number of branches 6,90-13,13 units/plant, number of capitula 8,63-18,36 units/plant, diameter of capitula 3,50 - 5,40 cm, seed number 24,80 - 44,45 units/plant, 1000 seed weight 34,63 - 42,23 g, seed yield 225,56 - 400,50 kg/da, protein 14,37-18,90%, chlorophyll I 226,82 - 394,63 and oil rate 26,47-30,81% values between were determined. İn terms of fatty acid composition, Which The effects of cultivars and nitrogen doses were found to be significant. Oleic (% 13,13 - 29,71), arachidic (% 0,41-0,52), eicosenoic acid (% 0,14 - 0,25), stearic acid rate (% 2,70 - 3,03), palmitic (% 6,88 - 7,64), myristic (% 0,11 - 0,14), linoleic (% 62,47 - 74,84) and linolenic acid (% 0,78 - 0,98) were found to be between values. In this study, it was concluded that nitrogen applications come to the forefront in terms of both yield components and quality characteristics of genotypes and It was concluded that nitrogen is important for safflower production.