Material proposals and applications of Turkish folk melodies for fine arts high school classical guitar education

Fine Arts High School is one of the formal education institutions where guitar education is given at professional level in our country. In this study, it was aimed to determine the reflection of the maqam playing practices in the Fine Arts High School curriculum in guitar textbooks, to determine the effect of Turkish folk melody-based materials adapted for classical guitar education on the guitar performances of students, and to bring Turkish folk melody-based materials to the Fine Arts High School classical guitar education repertoire. In the study, which was designed in two stages, a mixed method was used in order to evaluate the quantitative and qualitative data in an integrated manner. Within the scope of the quantitative method of the research, single-group pretest-posttest experimental design was used, and within the scope of the qualitative method, qualitative research techniques such as feedback and observation were used. In the research, after the literature review for the scope, the feedback form was applied to the Guitar teachers of Fine Arts High School. In line with the evaluation of the data obtained from the feedback forms, to be used in the application process to be carried out with the students in the 2021-2022 academic year, the 10th grade and 11th grade guitar lessons of the fine arts high school, Turkish folk tunes were determined intended to Rast, Segâh, Hüseyni, Hicaz and Karcığar maqams that take place in the maqam playing practices. A total of 25 folk songs, 5 for each maqam, were adapted into the classical guitar education. A total of 187 polyphonic materials were created for each Folk Song, at least at 7 different levels. In addition, 19 scales and 5 scale methods were prepared in the relevant maqams. The study group in which the prepared materials will be applied consists of 5 guitar teachers teaching at 5 different fine arts high schools and 14 guitar students studying in these schools. The pretest and posttest applications of the experimental implementation process, which lasted for a total of 11 weeks, were video recorded. Fine Arts High School 10th and 11th grade "guitar lesson exam rubrics" developed by the researcher were evaluated by 2 classical guitar field experts, and the data obtained were analyzed with the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test. At the end of the application process, the qualitative data of the research were obtained through the student feedback and the observation forms, and content analyzes were made. According to the results of the research, it was determined that the teachers thought that the number of materials used in the Guitar Textbooks of Fine Arts High School insufficiently benefited from traditional music, and that they thought that there should be materials based on Turkish folk melodies in guitar textbooks suitable for student levels. In the experimental dimension of the study, it was determined that there was a positive significant difference between the students' achievement scores before and after the application. In the study, it was also determined that the students experienced an awareness by vocalizing the materials adapted from Turkish folk melodies, and showed positive behavioral characteristics for their interest in Turkish music and guitar lesson motivations. Apart from the suggestions for the contribution and application of the materials produced according to the results of the research, the necessity of similar studies was emphasized.