The emergence and development of the idea of establishing a republic in Hâkimiyet-i Milliye (the sovereignty of the nation) Newspaper (1920-1924)

As known, the most important transformation process of Turkish modernization took place in between the years 1920-1924. In this period controversial ideas and ideological conflicts about political views and characteristic of the governing system emerged. Hâkimiyet-i Milliye newspaper, which the leader of the Turkish revolution Mustafa Kemal Pasha made his companions establish, was a witness of this newspaper the emergence and development of the idea of establishing a republic in between the years 1920 and 1924 is examined. In this respect the subject is surveyed in view of events, establishments, activities, arguments, evaluations and opinions from the War of Independence years to the year 1924 when the caliphate was abolished.