Kurdish Emirate of Hasanwayhids (Hasanuya)

ABSTRACT Kurdish emirate of Hasanwayhids (Hasanuya), was founded in 961, when the Buyids became prominent (932-1062) in Jibal region in Northwestern Iran. The founder of the dynasty, Hasanwayh, who was supported by Buvids, was a fair leader who had political and military skills. The administrative center of the emirate was Sermaj Castle, close to Dinawar. After the decease of Hasanwayh (369/979), the ruler of Buyids 'Adud al-Dawla intervened internal disturbances. While Badr, who took the lead of the emirate, developed his relations with 'Adud al-Dawla, he took advantage of the internal conflicts within the Buvid dynasties. As an intelligent, smart, prudent, generous, mild-mannered and a pious person, Badr was sensitive to the establishment of social justice. He had many bridges, mosques, khans and similar works constructed. Badr continued to pledge allegiance to Abbasid Caliphate, though it was symbolic Especially Abbasid Caliph Al-Qadir praised Badr, who had provided security of the Pilgrimage Road which passed through Jibal and which was used by Horasan pilgrims. Caliph Al-Qadir gave Badr b. Hasanwayh the title "Nasiru'd-Din wa'd-Dawla" During the strife between Badr and his son Hilal (d. 405/1050), Badr was captured and held prisoner. Badr was set free by Buyids, while his son Hilal was captured and imprisonned. Badr was murdered by his own men during the siege of the Kosjed Castle in 405/1014. The Emirate of Hasanwayhids first fell under the control of the Buyids Jibal amir Shams ad-Dawla, and then the Annazid Kurdish Amirate was established upon the rubbles of the overthrown emirate. Key Words Abbasid, Jibal, Buyid, Hasanwayhids, Badr, Hilal, Dinawar