Biogas production from animal vastes and investigation of the potential in Diyarbakir

In this study, it was aimed to purify the biogas obtained from cattle manure by using water and silica gels, to measure the combustion quality of the gas before and after purification and to calculate the biogas potential of Diyarbakır Province based on the data of Diyarbakır provincial directorate of agriculture. Biogas production basically consists of 3 stages, preparation, fermentation and purification. In the preparation phase, 1 kg of cattle manure diluted in a ratio of 1/1 was used for the experiments which are done in the fermentation reactor system made with durable industrial materials. During the fermentation phase, the pH of the sludge in the fermentation reactor system was adjusted as 6.8, and biogas was synthesized by methanogen bacteria for 30 days at 38 ºC temperature, 30 rev/min. At the end of the process, 34.80 liters of biogas was obtained. For the purification process, crude biogas was purified by using a water tank and a purification system formed from filters containing moisture and silica gels. Before and after purification, the physical properties of the flames were compared by making biogas combustion experiments. Afterwards, the biogas potential of Diyarbakır Province from the cattle manure was calculated, taking into account the 2020 data of Diyarbakır Provincial Directorate of Agriculture. According to the calculations, the annual total available biogas amount for Diyarbakır Province was calculated as 23 703 443.67 m3 and the corresponding annual total energy amount was 110 742 126.70 kWh. This amount of energy meets the annual electrical energy requirement of 46 142 households that consume an average of 200 kWh per month and an average of 2400 kWh per year. Based upon the data obtained, cattle, sheep and goats in terms of the number of animals in Diyarbakir, which ranks fourth in Turkey, biogas of cattle manure is understood that a high potential as well as it is thought that the province will provide employment and add value in terms of both energy needs and organic fertilizer supply. As a result, it has been determined that Çınar, Ergani, Silvan, Bağlar and Kayapınar districts will be the most suitable locations for the biogas plants to be established due to their location and potential. Keywords: Biogas, Purification, Cattle manure, Diyarbakır