Comparative analysis of 'Ilm-i Umran' of Ibn Khaldun and theories of classical sociology: Methodology, social structure, social change, social values

Purpose of the study; explain of "Ilm-i Umran" of Ibn Khaldun and "Classical Sociology", reval similatiries and differences between "Ilm-i Umran" and "Classical Sociology", specify the position and importance of the two and to demonstrate their competence in explaining societies. The study; "Ilm-i Umran", the science founded by Ibn Khaldun and as a result of epistemological, cultural, political and economic devolopments in the West "Classical Sociology" in "Sociology" who Durkheim, Marx, Weber, Tönnies's sociologies are analyzed in the context of methodology, social structure, social change and social values, using theoritcal basis and comparative method. The study basically consists of four parts. First, a comparison is presented in the context of methodology. There, facts are analyzed by taking center "mind", "senses", "causality", "lawfulness" and "economic factors". Second, a comparison is made in the context of social structure. Here, a comparison is made on the basis of the facts of "human natüre", "division of labor", "idea of umran", "idea of society", "Bedouin-Hadare", "Mechanic-Organic Solidarity Society" and "Community-Society". In the third chapter, social change is discussed on the basis of Ibn Khaldun and Marx. Here in the context of facts comparisons are made "historicity", "active agents consisting of human", "type of umran/society type dynamic change", "means of livelihood/production tools". Fourthly, the five basic social values "irritability", "collective consciousness", "solidarity", "religion" and "morality" are evaluated comparatively. All these comparative evaluations are important in terms of placing two sciences on their own plane and understanding them correctly. It is also one of the basic questions can the "Ilm-i Umran"s be an alternative to today's public statements? also offers the answer to the question.