JAK STAT profile of the uterus at implantation

Janus tyrosine kinases (JAKs) and signal transducers and activators oftranscription (Stats) regulate many different processes following cytokinesbinding to specific cell surface receptors. Some of the JAK and STATexpression were determinated during implantation period in previous studies.However, which JAK and STAT is important for receptivity in humanendometrium are not known completely. In this study we aimed to establishThe JAK/STAT profile and to investigate potential functions of these.MATERİAL METHODThirty adult Female rats were separated into three groups. Vaginal smear wascarried out at 03.00 p.m and the sstrus?s period was determined. Female rats inestrus period were left in their cage with male rats to copulate. The next day,rats which had sperm in cervical smear was accepted as pregnant was takeninto separate cages. This day was accepted as embryonic day (ED):0.5. Therats were sacrificed in ED: 4.5 (Group 1, 4Th day), 5.5 (Group 2, 5Th day) and 6.5(Group 3, 6Th day). The implantation sides were observed by macroscopicallyand fixed in 10% formalin solution for 24-48 h. Tissues were placed intoparaffin blocks according to routine paraffin procedure. Five µm serial sectionswere taken from the blocks. The sections were stained with H.E. and immuno-histochemical techniques using JAK1, JAK2 and JAK3; STAT2, STAT3, STAT4,STAT5 and STAT6 monoclonal antibodies. Stained sections were evaluatedunder a light microscope.RESULTSIn immunohistochemical staining; JAK1 was positive in immune competentcells on the 4Th day, in stromal and immune competent cells on the 5Th day andin decidual area on the 6Th day. It was observed That, JAK2 was stained strongin all groups, on the 5Th day it was stained more severe according to previousday. JAK3?s staining profile was similar to JAK1?s, and it was found that theirstaining were increased on The 5 Th and 6 Th days compare to 4 Th day. STAT2was stained as strong in all groups. Staining was increased especially on the4Th day compare to 5Th and 6Th days. In the examining of sections stained wiThSTAT3, it was observed mild staining on the antimezometrial region in thesubepiThelial area on The 4Th and 5Th days and minimal staining was observed67on The 6Th day. STAT4 immunoreactivity was observed as minimal. STAT5immunoreactivity was strong on yüzey epiThelium, stromal cells and glandsTh Thand immune competant cells on The 4 and 5 days. On The 6Th daydecidual cells were observed strong immunoreactivity. STAT6Thimmunoreactivity was minimal on The 6 day.CONCLUSIONIn This study, profiles of JAK and STAT were research in the implantationperiod and it was observed that amounts and distributions of JAK and STAThad differences according to days in implantation. Especially, increasedsecretion of JAK2, STAT2, and STAT5 had active function in implantationperiod. But decreased staining of the oTher factors may have a suppressivefunction. Finally, JAK and STAT?s may play an important immunregulatoryfunction during implantation