Individual and social dimensions of Ibn Miskawayh's notion of justice

The 10th-century philosopher Ibn Miskawayh is a philosopher of the tradition of Islamic philosophy who influenced many philosophers who came after him with his contribution to moral thought. In this study, in particular, the main aim is to analyze how Ibn Miskawayh, as the philosopher of the era, corresponding to the period after the period of Abbasid translation movement of Islamic moral philosophy, handles the concept of justice on an ethical and political plane, as well as the reflections on the concept of self and virtue ethics. In particular, his approach to the concept of nafs has been discussed together with his most important work, Tahdhib al-akhlaq, and its approach to the position occupied by the virtue of justice at this point is important. With the support of his short treatise Risala fi Mahiyat'l-adl, it is aimed to understand how justice is divided into sections by the philosopher, and it is desired to analyze the parallel approaches of justice division made in the aforementioned treatise, with Tehzibu'l-ahlak. In this study, which also deals with the Aristotelian and Neoplatonic attitude and the impact of the trichotomy of the soul and the golden ratio approach, the philosopher's approach to human nature, especially the self-competence and in this context, the establishment of the virtue of justice constitutes the core of the thesis. Starting from the concept of nafs, the reflections of the world of thought on the moral perfection of the individual, which he systematized, on the concept of justice and the context of these reflections in the social relations of civilized people will also be examined.