Irak'ta böbrek transplantasyonu olan hastaların yaşam kalitesi ve etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesi

Introduction: The incidence of renal failure worldwide is increasing every year. The preferred treatment option for CKD patients is a kidney transplant. Iraq was one of the first Arab countries to establish a kidney transplant center. Despite that, the field of kidney transplantation (KT) has been affected by wars and economic blockades over the previous years. The quality of life of kidney transplant patients is affected by various factors and conditions. Data on KT and quality of life in the Iraqi literature are insufficient. Aim: This Study evaluates the quality of life of patients with kidney transplantation and the factors affecting it. Methods: The Study conducted cross-sectional and descriptive research, which includes 194 patients with KT who were recruited in Baghdad Teaching Hospitals for the period from December 15th, 2021, to April 15th, 2022. Data were collected with the patients' sociodemographic and clinical characteristics form and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument, Short Form (WHOQOL-BREF). Results: Participants' age means 38.16 ± 11.9. 72.2% were male, and 69.6% were married; 52.1% were university graduates; 60.8% were working; 72.7% used triple therapy (Tacrolimus, Mycophenolate and Prednisone); 60% of the duration of KT was 1–5 years; 57.7% were non-relatives; the indication of KT was 26.8% renal atrophy. Sub-dimension mean scores of the quality of life scale; general quality of life was 6.89 ± 1.59, physical health was 22.2 ±3.85, psychological health was 20.4 ± 3.43, social relationships was 10.34 ± 2.48, environmental health was 29.31 ± 5.58. When the quality of life was compared with demographic and clinical characteristics: There were no significant differences in participants' quality-of-life dimensions based on the gender groups (p > 0.05). There were no significant differences in participants' quality-of-life measurements based on marital status groups (p > 0.05). When the relationship between the functional status of the patients and the sub-dimensions of the WHOQOL-BREF was examined, it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference in the sub-dimensions of the general quality of life, physical health, psychological health, social relations, and environment (p < 0.05). When the relationship between the level of education of the patients and the sub-dimensions of the WHOQOL-BREF was examined; It was determined that there was a statistically significant difference in the sub-dimensions of the general quality of life, physical health, psychological, social relations, and environment (p < 0.05). When the relationship between the receiving immunosuppressant of the patients and the sub-dimensions of the WHOQOL-BREF was examined; It was determined that there was a statistically significant difference in the sub-dimensions of the general quality of life, physical health, psychological health, social relations, and environment (p < 0.05). When the relationship between the duration of KT of the patients and the sub-dimensions of the WHOQOL-BREF was examined, It was determined that there was a statistically significant difference in the sub-dimensions of the general quality of life, physical health, and social relations (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Most kidney transplant patients in Iraq have a moderate quality of life. No significant differences was found between quality of life and the gender, relatives group, and marital status of the participants. A statistically significant difference was found between quality of life and participants who have been working, university graduates, taking triple therapy (Tacrolimus, Mycophenolate and Prednisone), and who have been transplanted for more than five years. Keywords: Kidney Transplantation, Nursing, Quality of Life.