The torture in the history of Islam (Until Umayyads)

While the Prophet (Pbuh) was telling his family and close friends about Islam in the period of hidden invitation, from the third year of Prophethood the period of open invitation started and the Prophet started to tell Islam in everywhere. Therewith, the people from Mecca stamped with rage and tried to argue Muslims out of their religion. But by the time passing, Islam was spreaded swifly and after torture period started. We started our study by using the first sources about Siyra to collect informations about opression, torture and torment on Muslims from the period of the Prophet till the period of four torture and after told the tortue on Muslims who migrated to Abyssinia to escape from torture and after we told the boykott. We gave the names of people who tortured and were tortured by giving detail. We told the torture in the wars which occured among Muslims and non-Muslims. And also we told the torture which was implemented by non-Muslims in the period of Abu Bakr, Omar, Osman and Ali. Keywords: Torture, Meccans, the Prophet, four Caliphs