Isolation and identification of pathogenic microorganism causing urinary tract infections and its relationship with interleukin-6 level and antibiotic resistance in Kirkuk province

Urinary tract infections (UTI) were amongst the frequent most bacterial infections. However, the clinical phenotypes of UTIs areheterogeneous and ranged from rather benign, uncomplicated infections to complicated UTIspyelonephritis, and severe urosepsis. Stratification of patients with UTIs is, therefore, important. Several classification systems exist for the classification and description of UTIs, with the common rationale that UTIs have a higher risk of recurrence or chronic initiation, progression, or severe outcome than uncomplicated UTIs. The pathophysiology and treatment of UTIs and pyelonephritis are driven more by host factors than pathogen attributes. UTIs and pyelonephritis are associated with high antimicrobial susceptibility rates among causative pathogens. This study aims to identify and isolate some pathogens of urinary tract infection, the age groups that are most susceptible to urinary tract infections, measure the level of serum Interleukin-6, and evaluate their susceptibility to some common antibiotics. About 125 urine and blood samples were collected from patients with urinary tract infections, with different ages, ranging from (1-70) years, who attended private hospitals in Kirkuk (Iraq) during the period from August 2021 to January 2022. The samples are 100 urine samples and 100 blood samples for people with urinary tract infections at the ages mentioned above, and 25 urine samples and 25 blood samples from healthy people as control samples.The samples were 100 subjects with urinary tract infection, and 100 blood samples for people with urinary tract infections, while 25 samples were taken from healthy subjects ii as control. The results confirmed that the incidence of urinary tract infections among the participating patients reached (65%) and infection rate in females (73%) was higher than males (27%). The highest incidence of urinary tract infections was among the age group (15-28) years, at a rate of (37%). In contrast, the lowest infection rate was in the age group (1-14) years (6%). E.coli was recorded as the most common cause of urinary tract infection (38%) for Gram-negative bacteria. As for Gram-positive bacterial species, S. aureus had the highest isolation rate (18%), also Candida albicans was recorded (3%). The results also confirmed a significant increase in Interleukin-6 sera levels of patients with urinary tract infections compared to control samples. The majority of pathogens showed antibiotic sensitivity to meropenem (98%) followed by amikacin (92%) and ampicillin (91%). In contrast, resistance to cefixime was (26%). In conclusion, the rate of enteropathogenic bacteria isolated in patients with urinary tract infection was high, accompanied by a high level of serum interleukin-6. In addition, pathogenic bacteria were highly sensitive to common antibiotics.