Analysis of soil amplification in Isparta pumice layers using the finite element method

This study investigates the dynamic behavior of pumice soil layers in the Isparta region under seismic loading using three real earthquake records (Kocaeli, Loma Gilroy 2, and Northridge 2). Acceleration records matched to the target design spectrum via SeismoMatch were subjected to both equivalent linear and nonlinear time-domain site response analyses in Deepsoil. Results indicated that peak acceleration values at the ground surface were significantly higher than those in the subsurface layers. The resulting acceleration response spectra were then evaluated through nonlinear time-history analyses in SAP2000 using three foundational models: (i) free-field, (ii) soil-structure interaction, and (iii) pile-soil-structure interaction. For each model, the effects of site conditions, pile. These comprehensive analyses aim to elucidate the site amplification characteristics of pumice soil layers under seismic loading, thereby providing valuable insights for optimizing structural design strategies and advancing soil–structure interaction mechanics.