The correlation between serum S-100B protein levels and prognosis in children with head trauma

ABSTRACTThe Correlation Between S-100B Protein Levels and Prognosis in Children with HeadTraumaThe goal of this study was to investigate the correlation between initial S-100Bprotein levels and prognosis and whether S-100B protein is a good marker or not todetermine the severity of head trauma in patients at childhood age.75 patients between 0-18 years of age admitted to Pediatric Emergency Unit ofCukurova University Faculty of Medicine between November 2005 and August 2006 and15 healthy controls in the same age internal are included in the study. Patients were dividedinto groups an mild, moderate and severe head trauma according to the their GCS scoresand their S-100B protein levels were obtained in the first six hours. S-100B protein levelsand patients? PTS, RTS, ISS and GOS results were compared.Of the patients with moderate and severe head trauma, S-100B protein levels wereincreased. There was a significant correlation between ISS, RTS and PTS scores and S-100B protein levels (r was 0,769, -0,821, -0,833 for ISS, PTS and RTS respectively andp<0,001 for each). There was a sensitivity of % 90, specificity of % 72,5, positivepredictive value of % 85,3 and negative predictive value of % 85,3 when cutt-off value ofS-100B value was 0,44 µgr/L. There was a significant correlation between S-100B levelsand GOS values on the 3rd month. S-100B levels of the patients having GOS 3 and underwere higher (p<0,001) than others.We composed a risk calculation formula that could be used to guess the severity oftrauma by using S-100B protein levels and skull fracture findings of the patients by meansof logistic regression analyses. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value andnegative predictive value of this formula are % 90, % 87,5, % 90 and % 87,5 respectively.As a result, S-100B protein level has a strong predictive value to determine severityof brain damage in head trauma patients. Thus, S-100B protein supplies importantinformation about the severity of primary brain damage following head trauma.Key Words: Head trauma, S-100B protein, GOS, PTS, YDTS, ISSIX