Comparison of effect of apically extruded debris using different rotary file systems in root canal shaping

Aim: One of the important factors that affect the success of root canal treatment is the appropriate chemo-mechanical shaping. Every period, rotary file systems developed with different technologies are introduced to the market for clinicians to make root canal forming more effective and faster. Among the clinicians, it has been a issue of concern to what extent debris this rotary file systems extruding from apical. The purpose of this in vitro study was to compared Reciproc Blue, Protaper Next and Protaper Universal rotary file systems for the amount of apically extruded debris. Material and Method: In our study 60 lower premolar teeth were divided into three experimental groups in order to shaping with Reciproc Blue (R40; VDW, Munich, Germany), Protaper Next (X4; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and Protaper Universal (F4; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) (n=20). Irrigation was performed with a total of 10 ml of distilled water using the syringe pump during the instrumentation and final irrigation. The experimental model described by Bürklein et al. was used and the extruded debris was collected in preweighed with electronic balance eppendorf tubes. After that the eppendorf tubes were stored in an incubator at 70°C for 5 days for net debris measurement. The weight of extruded debris were determined by subtracting the empty tubes weight from the filled tubes weight. Results: When examining the differences between groups, Mann Whitney U test in dual group comparisons, Kruskal Wallis-H tests were used in more than two groups. In the case of significant differences in the Kruskal Wallis-H test, Post-Hoc multiple comparison test was used to determine the difference between groups. Results, the significance were accepted at the level of p<0.05. In terms of amount of debris extrusion statistically significant difference was observed among groups (p=0,025). According to the results of the amount of apically extruded debris, the group with the least debris extruded Protaper Next, and the group with the most debris extruded Reciproc Blue. According to the shaping system the results of the comparison between the groups in terms of the amount of debris extured, there was no statistically significant difference between Protaper Universal and Protaper Next groups (p=0,105) and Protaper Universal and Reciproc Blue groups (p=0,267). Comparison of between Protaper Next and Reciproc Blue groups, Protaper Next showed significantly less extrude debris than Reciproc Blue (p=0,007). Conclusions: The rotary file systems used in this in-vitro study was determined that all of them caused extruded debris from apical. Keywords: Apical Extrusion, Debris, Reciproc Blue, Protaper Next, Protaper Universal