Molecular and immunological aspects of TH-17, 22 and T-REG in coronavirus (Covid-19) patients

120 patients (72 males, 48 females) and 60 vaccinated individuals (37 males, 23 females) were grouped to collect samples in the study. Moreover, there were 60 healthy persons (30 males, 30 females) as part of control group. IL-17 mean levels in patients recorded (153.67 ± 13.91) ng/L while in the vaccinated group were (114.57 ± 8.00) ng/L and this result was highly significant statistically P < 0.001 in comparison to the control healthy, which recorded (91.82 ± 54.03) ng/L. IL-22 mean levels in the patient recorded (505.03 ± 55.64) ng/L while in the vaccinated group were (372.07 ± 26.11) ng/L. These results also were highly significant statistically P < 0.001 in comparison to the control healthy that recorded (181.16 ± 157.4) ng/L. The level of gene Foxp3 (3.08 ± 2.04) in the COVID-19 patient and vaccinated group (2.23 ± 1.06) was statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05 compared with the healthy control, which was (1.15 ± 0.53). The level of gene NFAT recorded (10.855 ± 7.19) in the patient group and (6.98 ± 2.14) in the vaccinated group and that was statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05 compared with the healthy control, which was (1.24 ± 0.78). The level of gene AP-1 in the patient group was (5.20 ± 3.83) and (3.61 ± 1.68) in the vaccinated group, which was statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05 compared with the healthy control, which was (1.07 ± 0.33). Elevated levels of IL-17, 22 were observed in patients and vaccinated individuals compared to healthy controls, along with significant differences in the gene expression levels. 2023, 77 pages Keywords: COVID-19, Cytokines, Gene expression, IL-17, IL-22, PCR