Isolation and identification of adipose tissue derived mesenchimal stem cells in sheep and goats

Today, stem cell therapies are being developed for animal diseases and successful results are obtained especially with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Animal models are widely used to study the properties and potential of stem cells for possible applications in human medicine. This study was carried out to detect adipose tissue-derived stem cells in sheep and goats, to reveal their characteristic features and adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation potentials. In our study, fat tissues were taken from the inguinal region under sterile conditions from 5 healthy and adult sheep and goats slaughtered in the slaughterhouse were brought to our stem cell laboratory and subjected to cell culture and passage. At the same time, the differentiation process, which is another important step in the proof of the stem cell, was carried out. Mesenchymal stem cells were differentiated adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic and subjected to histochemical staining processes. In the isolation process, self-renewal and asymmetrical division stages were observed, providing morphological proof of stem cells. Goat MSCs reached confluence faster than sheep MSCs. Surface markers were determined by using CD44, CD90, CD105 and CD45 antibodies in a flow cytometry device for the identification of adipose tissue-derived stem cells brought to Passage 3. CD44, CD90, CD105 were expressed while CD45 marker was not. In our study, detection of adipose tissue-derived stem cells from sheep and goats, which are among the important species in veterinary medicine, their characteristics and differentiation into other cells (osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic) abilities were determined, and the isolation differences of sheep and goat MSCs were revealed. In addition, in this study, surface markers (CD44, CD90, CD105, CD45) and MSC immunophenotyping were performed for the first time in sheep and goats in our country. It is thought that the study will make an important contribution to future MSC studies in Veterinary Medicine.