Determination of levels of particulate and gaseous PAH compounds emitted from barbeque activities

This thesis study was carried out in Gölcük Nature Park, located in the south of Bolu Province, 13 km away from the city center and at an altitude of 1217 m. In this study, atmospheric sampling started on February 12, 2020, and TSP samples were collected until March 7, 2020. PM2.5 samples were collected from March 8, 2020 to November 20, 2020. A total of 25 TSP and 161 daily (24-hour) PM2.5 samples were collected during the study, and the samples were analyzed for particulate and gas phase compounds of 16 PAH compounds classified as priority pollutants by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Within the scope of the study, 14 weekly total bulk samples were collected from February 12, 2020 to October 19, 2020 and analyzed for 16 PAH compounds. Hourly ozone measurement results and meteorological data were also collected during the study. PAH results were evaluated statistically and source apportionment results for PAHs were determined with the help of EFECT (Road Dust Enrichment Factor Elemental Carbon Tracer Method). For the first time in the literature, PAH diagnostic ratios for barbecue emissions have been determined. It was observed that 94.4%, 93.7%, 61.6% and 58.2% of BbF, AN, IcdP, and Py were in particle form, respectively. Ane, Phe, Np, Anp, BkF, BaP, Flu, DahA, BaA, Flr, BghiP and Chr percentages in the gaseous phase were 90.9%, 77.0%, 75.1%, 71.2%, 70.4%, 70.3%, 69.8%, 59.2%, 59.1%, 58.0%, 57.3% and 55.3% respectively, were found in the gas phase. Total fluxes of PAH compounds in bulk deposition samples were found to be 4.5 times higher in Gölcük Nature Park than in the study conducted in Gebze. According to EFECT results, almost all of the PAH compounds measured in the atmosphere of the Nature Park originate from barbecue emissions, only 5.18%, 1.68%, 1.48%, 0.66%, 0.41%, 0.16% of BkF, BaA, Phe, IcdP, Flr, and Flu compounds, respectively, were caused by traffic emissions.