Evaluation ot the relationship between dietary advanced glycation end products with inflammation and oxidative stress in breast cancer patients

The study was conducted at the Konya Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine from March 2020 to January 2022 as a case-control study. It aimed to investigate the association between dietary advanced glycation end products (dCML) and various biomarkers related to breast cancer (BC) patients. The case group comprised 32 women between the ages of 19 and 64, diagnosed with BC for the first time, while the control group consisted of women of similar ages. The study assessed serum total antioxidant capacity, inflammatory status, oxidative stress, and DNA damage markers in BC patients at different stages: before surgery (T1), before chemotherapy (T2), six months (T3), and twelve months (T4) into chemotherapy. The findings from BC patients at the T1 period were compared to those of the control group. Participants' general characteristics, anthropometric measurements, body composition analyses, and routine biochemical findings were recorded using a questionnaire form. Analysis of various biomarkers such as carboxy methyl lysine, receptor for advanced glycation end products, soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products, tumor necrosis alpha, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine, total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant status, and oxidative stress index was conducted. Three-day food consumption records were obtained, and average daily food consumption was used to calculate daily energy, macro and micronutrient intake, and dCML. Furthermore, the study compared the findings of BC patients based on human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status (HER2+: n=14 and HER2-: n=18). The dCML intake for BC patients at T1, T2, T3, and T4 periods was 10002.6±4212.6, 9110.5±3913.9, and 9325.4±530.3 KU, respectively. The dCML intake for the control group (11052.6±726.8 KU) was significantly higher than that of BC patients (8974.7±601.2 KU) (p=0.031). However, when adjusted for energy intake, the dCML intake of women with breast cancer (5900.2±2661.6 KU/1000 kcal) and the control group (6452.3±1723.5 KU/1000 kcal) was found to be similar (p=0.328). At T1, the dCML intake of the HER2- group (7689.4±2527.6 KU/day) was significantly higher than that of the HER2+ group (9974.4±3713.1 KU/day) (p=0.048). No significant correlation was observed between dCML and serum CML, inflammatory, or oxidative stress biomarkers in BC patients at T1, T2, and T4. At T3, a weak positive correlation was found between dCML and serum MDA levels (rho=0.355, p=0.046). In the HER2 molecular subtype, a moderate positive correlation was found between dCML and serum biomarkers (HER2+: TOS and OSI; HER2-: MDA) at T3. In conclusion, this study revealed a limited association between dCML intake and serum inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers in BC patients. Nutritional recommendations should be developed to reduce intake of dTAC in BC patients.