A model proposal for regulating architectural professional practice

This research is designed to evaluate the structural problems in architectural professional practice in Türkiye from a multidimensional perspective and to develop a profession-specific model proposal that is tailored to the national context while aligning with principles of international validity. The study aims not only to describe the current system but also to generate a feasible, data-driven, and conceptually grounded solution model. In this regard, the research is structured using the design-based research approach. Both quantitative and qualitative data were utilized to guide the model development process, adopting an equal-status concurrent mixed methods design. By jointly analysing numerical trends and institutional structures, the study offers a comprehensive approach to the research problems. Quantitative data were collected through an online survey from a total of 2,040 participants across four stakeholder groups: licensed architects, architecture students, firms working with architects, and the general public. The data revealed significant deficiencies in areas such as professional competency, practical experience, and public trust in architectural practice in Türkiye. The qualitative data consisted of a comparative analysis of legislation, regulations, and institutional documents concerning professional admission processes in architecture across 11 countries, as well as specialization processes in the field of medicine. This analysis established the theoretical foundations of the model's structural components and assessed its alignment with international systems. Findings indicate that the current system does not provide a competency-based transition into the profession and lacks critical elements such as practical training, legal knowledge, and on-site construction experience. Moreover, international comparisons highlighted that Türkiye lags behind in mechanisms such as professional qualification, licensing exams, and continuous professional development. The model proposed in this dissertation "Main Model for Regulating Architectural Professional Practice" includes two subcomponents: the "The New Century Türkiye Model" and the "Motivational Source Model". The model is not merely a theoretical suggestion; it is a highly applicable reform proposal shaped by the perspectives of diverse stakeholders. In this respect, the dissertation presents a comprehensive and strategic framework for the restructuring of architectural professional practice in Türkiye. In conclusion, this study not only offers a critical perspective on current problems but also proposes a practical, auditable, and internationally relevant reform model for architectural professional practice in Türkiye. It serves as a strategic reference for legislators, educational institutions, and professional organizations.