Native American's cultural aspects in Linda Hogans poems

The exploration of America by Europeans is the start of changes in the Indigenous Americans' life. It lasted hundreds of years and comprised of endeavors by various individuals and campaigns from different outside nations to outline the mainland. Indigenous Americans, otherwise called American Indians, Native Americans, are the indigenous people groups of the United States. They have different colors, a different lifestyle, and different beliefs. The huge assortment of people groups, the European colonization of the Americas, influenced the Indigenous Americans. The changing in Native American's life started in 1492, and their population declined essentially due to some factors such as wars, diseases, displacement. After its creation, the United States, as a major aspect of its strategy of pilgrim America enacted some unfair policies. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the significant cultural aspects that interpreted in Linda Hogan's poems. Hogan has reflected the cultural aspects of indigenous Americans on her poems in terms of cultural habits, cultural beliefs, and cultural symbols. The study has explored by highlighting Native American's spiritual beliefs, rich Native American culture, and their traditions dealing with Hogan's life, and tribal education. Hogan, as one of the pioneers of Native American's poet, is well-engaged with her culture that it has an overall presence in her works. The study comprises an introduction and three chapters, in the first chapter, culture, in general, are demonstrated, and then the early life of Native American people before American's foundation is described. Native American's traditions and spiritual beliefs are discussed as well in terms of written literature. In the second chapter, the study focuses on Linda Hogan as one of the pioneers of Native American literature, cultural aspects, and cultural symbols that are figured out in her poems. In the third chapter, it elaborates some poems of Hogan, culturally and spiritually. By analyzing Linda Hogan's poems, the thesis aims us to recognize to penetrate all parts of Indigenous Americans. Keywords : Native American Literature, Culture, Linda Hogan, Religion, Spiritual, Symbol.