Distribution of E and P cadherin in normal placenta and placenta percreata

Objective: To investigate the localization and expression of cadherins (E- and P- cadherins), which are cell adhesion molecules believed to have important functions during pregnancy, in both normal and perforated human placentas and whether these factors play a role in tissues involved in placentation. Material and Methods: In our study, small pieces were taken for histological follow-up from 22 patients with normal placenta placement and 22 patients with placenta percreta spectrum who were admitted to Dicle University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology between July 01, 2023 and September 30, 2023 and whose placentas were not viable, would not be sent to pathology as a sample, and were obtained after delivery. The placentas of the patients in the control group were 2 cm away from the cervical ostia and had no evidence of myometrial or serosal invasion and no history of placental invasion anomaly. Paraffin sections were immunohistochemically stained for E- and P- cadherin proteins. Results: We observed that E- cadherin immunoactivity was strong in syncytiotrophoblast and decidual cells of normal placenta, but this immunoactivity was low in placenta with perforated placenta, which may affect chorionic villus morphologic structures and trophablastic invasion. E- cadherin immunoactivity may be a marker in percreta cases, whereas P- cadherin immunoactivity was weaker than E- cadherin immunoactivity in normal placentas and placentas with percreta. Conclusion: In the light of these findings; long-term detailed studies are needed to show the role of factors such as E and P- cadherin in percreta cases.