The nationalization stages from the Ottoman Period to the Republic and the practices of the nation state

The thesis consists of an introduction and four chapters. In the introduction part, the concepts of nation, nationalism and the emergence of nation states are discussed. In the first chapter, state policies and governmental applications of the Ottoman Empire, its relations with the people under its rule, and the effect of the collapse of the Ottoman Empire on the state-people relations are discussed. It has been examined whether the reforms made with the aim of preventing the collapse of the Empire has an importance or contribution in terms of nationalization. Especially the Tanzimat (1839) and Reform Edicts (1856) and Law of Basis (Kanun-i Esasi, 1876) provisions in the 19th century and the results of these provisions during the implementation stage were handled under the topics of law, education and military services. Second chapter covers the discussions on the Committee of Union and Progress and The 2nd Constitutional Era and the ideas of the union of social elements (Anasır), reconciliation of nations (İmtizac-ı Akvam), Ottomanism, Islamism and Turkism, which have been frequently expressed since the Tanzimat Edict. Since the thesis deals with the policies of the State, the ideas of the intellectuals and philosophers in that era were evaluated in terms of their impact on the State's policy. The third chapter deals with the period of the National Struggle. The period of the National Struggle was evaluated in terms of the formation of homeland and nation consciousness, the acquisition of full independence and the foundation of the Turkish Nation State on the basis of nation domination.The last chapter, chapter four discusses the Turkish Revolution which took place under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the Republic period and the construction of a modern Turkish nation and the establishment of the Turkish Nation State. In this context, the Turkish Revolutions that were realized in political, social, economic, cultural and societal fields have been examined. It has been concluded that The Turkish Revolution aimed to build a modern nation through a common language, culture and values.