Comparison of sealing efficiency of two different materials used in perforation repair in acidic and neutral environments

Aim: During endodontic treatment, a variety of complications may occur due to anatomical variations or iatrogenic events. One of these major complications is furcation perforations. In such undesirable situations, correct intervention can positively affect the prognosis. This mainly depends on the immediate repair of the perforation area with a biocompatible material that would cut the connection between the gingival sulcus and perforation area. This study aims to compare the sealing abilities of materials Biodentine and Mineral Trioxide Aggregates (MTA) when they are used in the repair of furcation perforations in acidic and neutral environments. Material and Method: In the study, 96 mandibular molar teeth extracted for periodontal reasons were used. Before starting work, the teeth were kept in buffered water with 10% formalin for at least 48 hours so as to be cleaned. The endodontic access cavity was opened for each molar tooth, and pulp tissue in the pulp chambers was removed carefully with the help of an excavator. Crowns were shortened from coronal level up to 5 mm. In order to ensure standardization, perforations were created through 1.4 mm-diameter round burs in the furcation area. The samples were randomly divided into two equal groups(n=48); after the perforations were repaired with MTA and Biondenine materials, each group was divided into four subgroups (n:12). These subgroups were kept in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and acetic acid solutions, and then all groups were immersed in methylene blue solution. The samples were rinsed with distilled water for 15 minutes to remove excess stain. Each sample was divided into two sections with the isomet device to center the perforation area. The sections taken were examined for dye penetration under a stereomicroscope, and the microleakage data associated with all groups were evaulated. Results: While investigating the states of variables coming out of normal distribution, the results of normality tests were examined by making use of Kolmogorov Smirnov or Shaoirowilk according to the number of units. When examining the differences between the groups, if the variables did not come from the normal distribution, Mann Whitney U test was used. When the results were interpreted, it was expressed that there was a significant difference if the level of significance was p< 0.05. The short-term microleakage value of Biodentine in the acidic environment was significantly less than that of MTA. Statistically, there was no significant difference between the materials in terms of long-term microleakage values in the acidic environment (p>0,05). The long-term microleakage value of Biodentine in the neutral medium was significantly less than that in the acidic environment (p<0,05). Conclusions: Both MTA and Biodentine showed less microleakage values in neutral environment with respect to the acidic environment in both holding times. Keywords: Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), Biodentine, Microleakage, Acetic Acid, Phosphate Buffered Saline