Pharmacopoeia analysis of some plant materials sold as calendula (calendula officinalis L.) in the market

Interest in plants and herbal treatments is increasing day by day. One of the phytotherapeutics that has taken its place in complementary therapy is Calendula officinalis L. plant. The use of marigold, which has been used traditionally since the 12th century, with its wound-healing, antispasmodic and immunostimulan properties has increased the interest in the plant. Studies have proven the many effects of marigold, especially its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, wound healing properties. Calendula officinalis is a species native to the Mediterranean and Central Europe and grown as a cultivar in almost every part of Turkey. It is possible to see this plant, known as Marigold, in landscape decorations as well as on roadsides. It is generally an annual plant and can grow up to 30-50 cm in length. It can be easily distinguished from other plants with its characteristic yellow-orange flowers. The main chemical compounds found in Calendula officinalis are terpenoids, coumarins, carotenoids, phenolic compounds and essential oils. It has been standardized according to the flavonoid content expented as hyperoside. It is registered in sources such as Turkish Pharmacopoeia, ESCOP Monographs, Commission E Monographs, EMA Monographs, Canadian Pharmacopoeia Monographs. Marigold drugs used in the study were obtained from herbalists in different districts of Ankara and over the internet. The pharmacopoeia analysis of the supplied drugs was made according to the "Calendula flos" monograph in the Turkish Pharmacopoeia 2017, and the compliance of the drugs with the pharmacopoeia was evaluated. This study is an analysis of whether the products available in the market are standardized and therapeutic. The unconscious use of non-standardized herbal products may render the treatment ineffective rather than positively, and even lead to undesirable results. The fact that there are many herbal products in the market that do not meet pharmacopoeial standards emphasizes the importance of the study. There are many preparations of the plant used both in Turkey and around the world. Due to scientific studies, the use of the plant in complementary therapy will increase even more. Calendula officinalis products can be used more effectively and reliably in complementary treatments through Pharmacopoeia analysis. Keywords: Calendula officinalis L., Pharmacopoeia Analysis, Phytotherapy,Wound Healing