Pre-service and in-service CLIL teachers' perceived competencies and satisfaction with the training programmes: An investigation in Spanish context

"Changing the language of instruction in educational systems, or teaching children through an additional language is a historical global phenomenon that is often a direct result of social, political and economic strategic actions" (Marsh, 2013: Foreword) In 1990s, Content and language integrated learning (CLIL) approach emerged in Europe as an outcome of sociopolitical and educational projection of globalisation. On the other hand, concerns for its fair implementation have been holding growing space within research domains. CLIL teachers' competency areas and training at initial or in-service levels, to this end, have been valid concerns in many contexts including Spain. This study leans over this issue and investigates pre-service and in-service teachers' perceptions with respect to their self-efficacy and satisfaction with the education they have received in gaining them the competencies to perform their best in CLIL classrooms in Spanish context, where CLIL provision in mainstream schools has been experienced since the early 2000s. To collect data a mixed-method approach was sought followed by content analysis and statistical analysis to yield results in the light of the research objectives. The analyses of the quantitative results indicate that pre-service and in-service teachers' perceptions of competencies and satisfaction with the education they have received vary and differ at certain points. Quantitative results present more positive perceptions of competencies on the part of the in-service teachers compared to the qualitative results. The qualitative data, on the other hand, provide more in-depth insight into the multifarious issues regarding CLIL implementations. The results are discussed through comparison of the quantitative and qualitative data gathered through a questionnaire and interviews in line with the relevant literature, and implications based on the study are shared at the end.