Public policies on artificial intelligence: Comparison of the USA and China's ai public policies

Artificial intelligence, which is mostly used in science fiction movies and novels, is a field of study that will shape the future economically, socially, culturally and politically in a multifaceted way and fill the agendas of all countries of the world. Most countries are aware that being successful in this area will change the balance of power between countries, and they are trying to form and develop their artificial intelligence policies In this context, the study aims to examine how countries publish their national artificial intelligence strategies and how the artificial intelligence public policies they have made in this process differ between countries. While making this comparison, the United States of America and China, which are in great competition in their studies, achievements, and artificial intelligence public policies, were chosen as sample countries. First, a conceptual and comparison framework on artificial intelligence and public policies was drawn, and then the two countries were examined separately, and a comparison was made. In evaluating and comparing the artificial intelligence policies of the both countries, basic elements such as historical background, actors and factors that are effective in determining public policies, priority areas and sectors in public policies, economic goals and effects, legal regulations and strategic documents were taken into consideration. In this context, the artificial intelligence public policy process of the two countries has been examined with a policy process analysis model and a comprehensive assessment has been made. In addition, in this evaluation, in the comparison of the artificial intelligence public policies of the USA and China, the latest updated national artificial intelligence strategic documents of the two countries were examined with double case analysis using the MAXQDA 2020 program As a result of the evaluation, the USA, which has a much stronger history in artificial intelligence, has adopted the strategy of implementing artificial intelligence policies with a bottom-up approach, target audiences and service providers, and although China does not have a long history of artificial intelligence research, it appears that it successfully implements its policies by adopting a centralist and top-down approach.