In-vitro investigation of the effects and mechanisms of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells obtained from synovium and fat tissues on healthy and osteoarthritic chondrocyte cell lines

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease that develops slowly, is characterized by progressive joint pain and limitation of movement, and can lead to disability. Various treatment options used in the treatment of OA are physical therapy methods, rehabilitative exercises, simple analgesics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, intraarticular steroids, platelet-rich plasma and hyaluronic acid injections, and various surgical methods. Another current treatment option is mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) injections. In order to show the effect of MSC applications in the treatment of OA and the ways in which this effect is achieved, chondrocytes with OA will be placed in the same cell culture medium with MSCs originating from infrapatellar (P) and subcutaneous (C) adipose tissues and synovium (S) obtained from healthy individuals. ELISA analyses showed when chondrocytes with OA were cultured together with MSCs of P and S origin, TNFα concentration decreased on day 14 (respectively 156.6±79, 42.1±6 and 35.5±3 pg/ml, p=0.036), for the same groups MMP3 was decreased at day 7 (87.4±43.7, 23±8.9, and 14.7±3.3 pg/ml, p=0.043) and day 14 day (sırası ile 29.1±11.2, 28.3±18.5 ve 20.3±16.2 pg/ml, p=0.043, respectively). The changes in COMP concentrations compared to the control groups were not statistically significant. Metabolic analysis revealed metabolites with a statistically significant (p<0.05) change of more than 1.5 times between the groups. To conclude, we detected differences between MSCs obtained from different tissues in terms of their effects on chondrocytes with OA, we observed an anti-inflammatory, anti-degradation and synthesis-stimulating effects in all three tissue-derived MSC groups.