Evaluation of babies born above 34 GH and receiving surfactant in the last 10 years

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the neonates born over 34 gestational week (GW) who had surfactant treatment in the Newborn Intensive Care units between 2010 and 2020. Materials and methods: Babies born ≥34 weeks of gestation who were hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care units of Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, between 2010 and 2020 and received surfactant treatment were included in the study. The hospitalization files, hospital records and epicrisis of the patients were evaluated retrospectively. Results: Surfactant treatment was applied to 861 of 11,360 patients hospitalized between 2010 and 2020. 7733 of the patients were ≥34 gestational weeks. 152 (2%) of 7733 patients with ≥34 GH received surfactant treatment. 120 (78.9%) of the babies were born in ÇÜTF Balcalı hospital. Of the mothers of 152 babies who used surfactant, 7 (95.4%) of the mothers of 108 babies had EMR (Premature Rupture of Membrane), and 11 (7.2%) had UMR. (Prolonged Rupture of Membrane), DM (Diabetes Mellitus) in 13 (8.6%), and UTI (Urinary Tract Infection) in 46 (30.3%). When the indication for surfactant treatment of the patients included in the study were examined; 85 (55.9%) of the babies had Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS), 34 (22.3%) had hypoxia (19 had Diaphragmatic hernia, 6 had HIE, 6 had Hydrops fetalis, 3 had MAS), 27 (17.8%) had Congenital/Neonatal Pneumonia, 6 (3.9%) had ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome). Conclusion: Surfactant a lipid-protein complex regulating surface tension in the respiratory tract. One of the structures that play a main role in lung development and respiratory function. In our study, consistent with the literature, RDS, hypoxia and pneumonia were the main indications for surfactant treatment in late preterm patients. It should be kept in mind that hypoxemic babies born at 34 GH and above may require surfactant treatment in addition to ventilator treatment. Keywords: Surfactant, Newborn, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Diaphragmatic hernia, hypoxic, hydrops fetalis, pneumonia