The evaluatin Autoimmune diseases in Type 1 Diabetes mellitus patients

Introduction and Aim:Tip 1 Diabetes Mellitus is an autoimmune disorder develops by complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Our aim is to evaluate relation of Type 1 DM and two autoimmune disorder; thyroiditis and celiac disease.Cases and Methods: 30 patients with Type 1 DM enrolled to the study and recordings of the patients examined retrospectively. Age at the onset of DM ,height, weight,tanner stage, duration of DM, levels of HbA1c, sedimantation rate, anti-GAD, anti-TG,anti-TPO, anti-gliadin and anti-endomisium antibodies were recorded. 18 patients (%60) were female and 12 patients (%40) were male. Entre patients were receiving insuline replacement.Findings: Mean age was 9.53±2.90 years. 10 patients (% 33.3) were anti-GAD positive, 6 patients (%20) were anti-TPO positive, 3 patients (%10) were anti-TG positive, 2 patients (%6)were anti-gliadin positive. 4 patients (%13.3) with anti-TPO antibody positive had autoimmune thyroiditis. 1 of 4 patient had already receiving thyroid hormon replacement therapy for hypothyroidy. Relation of anti-TPO and anti-TG antibody positivity and presence of autoimmun thyroidits was statistically significant.(p<0.005). No significant relation was observed between anti-TPO antibody positivity and demografhic features of patients such as age, BMI and age at the onset of DM or hormonal measurements like TSH, FT3, FT4, HbA1c, sedimantation rate and dosage of insuline replacement. Also relation of anti-TG antibody positivty and age, age at the onset of DM, dosage of insuline replacement ,levels of TSH, FT3, FT4 and HbA1c was nonsignificant however significant relation was observed between anti-TG positivity and sedimantation rate or BMI. 2 Patients (%6.6) with anti-endomisium antibody positive had a history of celiac disease confirmed by small bowel biopsy.Results: Frequency of autoimmune thyroiditis and celiac disease were augmented in patients with type 1 DM. Examination of patients with type 1 DM should include evaluation of these two autoimmune disorders. Serologic examination of autoantibodies are best and rapid way of evaluation.Key Words:Type 1 DM, autoimmüne thyroiditis, celiac disease