Investigation of Phoenixin-14, Elabela, Alamandine, Amphiregulin molecular levels in the blood of patients with thyroid dysfunction before and after treatment

Thyroid dysfunctions are an important problem in Endocrinology and Metabolism clinics in all societies. If we leave aside thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4) and free triiodothyronine (fT3), other possible underlying mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to reveal whether alamandin, amphiregulin, elabela and phoenixin-14 hormones play a role in thyroid dysfunctions. In this study, to investigate thyroid dysfunctions, a total of three groups were examined, including control (intact euthyroidism) (n=13 Male(M); n=17 Female(F)), subclinical hypothyroidism (n=7 M; n=23 F), overt hypothyroidism (n=9 E; n=21 F), subclinical hyperthyroidism (n=14 E; n=16 F), and overt hyperthyroidism (n=9 M; n=21 F) were included in a total of 150 participants. Following an overnight fast, 5 ml of venous blood was taken from the participants. The above-mentioned parameters in the obtained sera were studied by ELISA method. Other parameters (TSH, fT3, fT4, etc.) were obtained from hospital records. In our study, there was no statistically significant difference in age and gender of the participants (p>0.05). While TSH levels increased in hypothyroidism (p<0.05), fT3 and fT4 levels decreased statistically significantly (p<0.05). In hyperthyroidism, the exact opposite results were obtained. When compared with control values, amphiregulin levels were significantly decreased in subclinical hypothyroidism (p<0.05), while elabela levels were significantly decreased in overt hypothyroidism (p<0.05). In addition, alamandine levels were significantly decreased in subclinical hyperthyroidism (p<0.05) and phoenixin-14 levels were significantly decreased in overt hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism (p<0.05). In conclusion, it is anticipated that the molecules mentioned in this study will be important laboratory parameter candidates that distinguish thyroid dysfunctions from each other.