Comparison of cannabinoid receptor 1 and 2 expression with pathological prognostic data in papillary carcinomas of the thyroid

Objective:Prognosticfactorssuch as tumor size, histologicalsubtype, lymphnodemetastasis, extrathyroidal spread, advancedage, malegenderweredetermined in previousstudiesandtheirimportancewasemphasized in thecourse of papillarythyroidcarcinoma (PTC). MaterialsandMethods:Cannabinoidreceptor 1 and 2 immunohistochemicalstudieswereplannedto be performed on paraffinblockscontaining 140 patientswithpapillarythyroidcarcinomaandbenignnodules in thearchive of Gaziantep UniversityFaculty of Medicine, Department of PathologybetweenJanuary 2016 andJune 2021. Evaluatedparameters; Age, gender, tumor size, tumorstage, thyroidcapsuleinvasion, extrathyroidal spread, multifocality, lymphovascularinvasion, lymphnodeanddistant organ metastasisweredetermined. Results:Amongthepatientsincluded in ourstudy, 18 (18%) maleand 82 (82%) femalepatients in themalignantgroup, 7 (17.5%) of thepatientswhowere in thebenigngroup as a result of pathology, 33 (82%), 5) wasfemale. Inthemalignantgroup in which CB1 and CB2 expressionwereevaluated, 35% of the 100 patientswerefoundto be classicalvariant, 50% follicularvariant, and 15% tallcellvariant. Whenbenignnodulesand IRS scoreswerecompared in patientswith CB1 expression, IRS scoreswerefoundto be significantlylower in benignnodulesthan in patientswithmalignantpathology (p:0.001). Similarly, whenthesamerelationshipwasexamined in the presence of CB2 expression, the IRS scorewasfoundto be significantlylower in benignnodulesthan in patientswithmalignantresults (p:0.001). Whenpatientswith CB1 expressionwereclassified as 1+2 and 3+4 IRS scores, it wasobservedthatpatientswithbenignnodules had lower IRS scores (p:0.001). Whenpatientswith CB2 expressionwereclassified as 1+2 and 3+4 IRS scores, it wasobservedthatpatientswithbenignnodules had lower IRS scores (p:0.001). Conclusion:Whenthepatientswith CB2 receptorexpressionweredividedintotwogroups as IRS score 1-2 and 3-4, theage of thepatients in thepatientgroupwith IRS score 3-4 wassignificantlyover 45; Theage of thepatients in thepatientgroupwith an IRS score of 1-2 wassignificantlyyoungerthan 45 years. Likewise, whenthepatientsweredividedintotwogroups, extrathyroidal spread wasfoundto be significantlyhigher in thegroupwith IRS score of 3-4 comparedtotheothergroup. Whenextrathyroidal spread and IRS scoringwereclassified in patientswith CB2 expression, extrathyroidal spread wasobservedmore in thepatientgroupwith IRS score of 3+4 comparedtothepatientgroupwith IRS score of 1+2.