Comparison of energy activities of different layouts incollective housing: The example of Silbe, Diyarbakir

With the Industrial Revolution, a dramatic increase has occurred in the use of fossil-based energy sources. As a result of the active use of fossil-based energy sources in many areas of life, CO2 concentration rate in the atmosphere has increased over time and is increasing today as well. Numerous countries in the world have taken action in order to leave conventional energy consumption, which causes many disasters such as the greenhouse effect, climate change and global warming. To this end, alternative energy is being searched in different networks that cause fossil-based energy consumption, such as housing, industry, transportation, power, heating-cooling and illumination. The share of the housing sector has reached 20% of total energy consumption in the world, and it was suggested that this ratio will increase further with each passing year. That's why the building sector has turned toward an environment-friendly design based on the climate with little or no emission, which uses renewable energy as actively as possible and generates its own energy this way. This method, which is also called an energy efficient design, started to be commonly used in many places in the world today. Mass Housing has a wide network in Turkey's housing industry and produces many houses every year, and its yearly energy consumption share is significantly large. That's why it is considered that energy efficient building design methods would provide more energy efficiency if they are used in Mass Housing units with multiple structures rather than those with a single structure. Within this study, Şilbe 1st Stage Mass Housing settlement, which is located in Diyarbakır province and consists of 2050 houses, and offers 100 m2type of housing that provides more alternatives in this settlement. Within the study, heating and cooling loads of blocks with different layouts were initially calculated via Design Builder Energy Simulation Software, and the number of 100 m2 block types that have direction circumstances suitable with hot-arid climate zones within the settlement. Later on, the effect of the shadow effect that occurs as a result of obstacles placed ay certain intervals in various directions on heating-cooling load values were examined, and the building range that is suitable for hot-arid climate zones was attempted to be detected. Finally, the effect of horizontal and vertical solar control elements applied on transparent surfaces in directions which provide energy gain due to shadow effect as a result of placed obstacles was investigated. This study is aimed to be a guiding source for construction of buildings that are more climate-based and environment-based and able to use energy efficiently through measures to be taken at the first stage of building design process in mass housing settlements. The purpose, the scope and the method of the study were explained in the first section of this thesis, which consists of five sections in total.In the second section, the literature was searched, sources were summarized, and information was given on mass housing, energy efficient design, green building certification systems, climate change and energy. In the third section, the material and the method of the study were explained. In the fourth section that includes the field survey, effects of direction and shadow effect on heating-cooling load values were calculated and numerical comparisons were made via Design Builder Energy Simulation Software. In the fifth section, analysis results were evaluated, and the goal to be a guiding study that emphasizes the effect of building design process on energy loads was determined.