Research on effect of platelet rich plasma on wound healing

Introduction and objective: Wound healing refers to the systemic and local response of an organism to the break down of the physical integrity of its tissue. Though wound healing is one of the most complicated physiologic processes and has been poorly understood by clinicians and scientists, fast advancements in this field reveals new information. Cytokines, growth factors, chemocines, and their similar which appear during healing process make up a long list. In this study we aim to investigate the histopathologic evaluation of growth factors released from thrombocytes on wound healing after graft application to the tissue defect site and measuring metabolite concentrations in interstitial fluid by microdialysis technique. Materials and Methods: Study was designed to evaluate protective effects of platelet rich plasma (PRP), on 30 randomly selected Spraque-Dawley rats with experimental tissue defects. Rats were separated into three groups, each with eight rats based on computerized randomization list. Remaining rats are used as blood donors for platelet rich plasma preparation. Following ketalar anesthesia, back of the rats is shaved and full thickness tissue defect of 3x2 cm was made. Tissue samples obtained for tissue defects, reinserted after thinning as skin grafts. Intraoperative platelet rich plasma injections were done to 1st group. Third group was determined to be the control group for microdialysis and no surgical procedure was done. Interstitial samples were taken from all three groups on postoperative 1st, 7th, and 14th days by microdialysis technique. Wound care was done daily by chlorhexidine tulle grass dressing. At postoperative 21st day tissue samples were taken for histopathologic examination. Results: Histopathoogic examination showed a particular decrease in inflammation, especially in platelet rich plasma applied group among the groups which are operated. Additionally, microdialysis data showed significant differences in glucose, pyruvate, and lactate values in operated groups. Conclusion: Statistical evaluation of microdialysis and histopathologic data of PRP application with full thickness skin graft used for reconstruction of experimental rat tissue defect were done. There were significant differences in histopathologic and microdialysis data of PRP applied group. Based on the results of this study we believe that PRP application can become one of the primary treatment options.