Türkiye'de su tüketimi ve sektörler arası su kullanımı girdi-çıktı analizi

Today, increasing population and climate change cause inefficient use of water resources. Turkey is included in the category of water stress country that suffers from water scarcity with the amount of renewable water source of 1.366 cubic meters per person based on 2018. Turkey will be a country that experiences water scarcity with the renewable water falling below 1.000 cubic meters per person considering the increasing population in 20 years. In this respect, efficient use of water, which is a scarce resource, on a national or regional scale is important. This study aims to analyze the sustainability of water resources in Turkey in the context of economic sectors. The Environmentally Extended Input-Output Analysis (EEIOA), which is an effective method in water footprint analysis, has been used to achieve the goal of sustainable use of water resources on a national scale and to alleviate the water scarcity crisis to be able to experience. In the empirical part of the study, Turkey's input-output table for 2018 and sectoral water consumption data were used. Within the scope of the analysis, the water multipliers belonging to the sectors, so-called 'key sectors' in Turkey's water consumption reached by using forward/backward linkages analysis, the matrices that show the water flows between the sectors, and the coefficients expressing the economic benefit of water consumption on sectoral basis have been obtained as the fundamental indicators. As a result of the multiplier analysis, the water multiplier of the agriculture, hunting, forestry, and fishing sector, with the highest direct water use per output, was relatively low. As a result of forward and backward linkages analysis, it has been determined that 'agriculture, hunting, forestry, and fishing', 'water supply', and 'electricity supply' sectors are 'key sectors' in the Turkish economy. As a result of the scenario analysis, it has been determined that a 20 percent increase in the final demand of the agriculture, hunting, forestry, and fishing sector increases the amount of water use by a large amount, but the effect of the increase in the final demand on the value added remains relatively low. In addition, it has been determined that the increase in the final demand of food, beverage, and tobacco products sector has a very high effect on the amount of water consumption.