Problems in the Turkish Education Supervision System and a model suggestion

Auditing is a management process carried out to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the institution. An audit system is needed in all organizations, from the smallest institutions to multinational companies and international organizations. In order to ensure effectiveness in education and to maximize both individual and social benefit, the educational process must be carefully monitored and evaluated. The purpose of this research is to briefly introduce the current situation of the Turkish Educational Supervision System, its problems/solution suggestions, and then to "Redesign the Turkish Educational Supervision System" and develop an "Effective Supervision Model" for the future in order to increase the effectiveness of the supervision. In the research, the literature on educational supervision, problems of supervision and solution suggestions, effective educational supervision was scanned, and the supervision systems of various countries were tried to be described comparatively. It is envisaged to develop an "Effective Supervision Model Proposal" by analyzing the situation of the Turkish Education Supervision system in the historical process. Scientific studies on the subject conducted abroad and in Turkey and the audit models developed were examined, and the results and suggestions obtained from the research were analyzed. The research was carried out using the document analysis method. Natural/unstructured observation method was used as a second data collection method in the research. According to research findings; (1) There is a need for philosophical and structural regulations beyond the name and makeup regulations such as "Primary Education Inspector, Education Inspector, Education Auditor, Education Inspector", (2) In the historical process of supervision, it has changed from a control-oriented and open-seeking understanding to a more guidance-oriented understanding. (3) Consistent policies are not followed in the selection and training of inspectors in the Turkish education supervision system, preferring personal suitability instead of objective criteria that prioritize quality in the selection of inspectors reduces the prestige and status of inspectors, (4) Inspectors do not have the necessary competencies in terms of professional guidance and on-the-job training. they are not, (5) Education inspectors cannot provide the desired assistance in the planning and execution of education and training activities, inspectors do not have enough time to assist teachers, (6) Investigative duties of inspectors negatively affect their guidance role, and the concentration of investigation and guidance duties in the same person damages inspector-teacher relations, It creates a trust problem, (7) The education supervision system in Turkey has a dual structure, namely the Ministry Inspectorate and the Education Inspectorate, this different structuring is evaluated as dualism by the relevant parties on various platforms, and this is among the reasons that reduce the effectiveness and efficiency in supervision, (8) ) Unlike the audit process in Turkey, in most of the countries that are successful in PISA exams, there are tendencies towards carrying out audits with the participation of all stakeholders, (9) It is seen that self-assessment plays the role of an internal audit mechanism in all countries examined, (10) Education and training activities are carried out in all of these countries. It is supervised in a flow from general to specific, and the supervision is designed as a tool for improving the process, with a focus on guidance, and the supervision mechanism exists as a part of the education system, (11) In the countries examined, the determination of teacher performance and this evaluation are taken as a basis, and there is a merit and career system. , the findings show that the school principal is held largely responsible for determining teacher performance, but there are also modern practices such as self-evaluation, accreditation and similar, (12) Similarly, in Turkey, inspectors carry out inspection practices at all levels of education, but this inspection mainly focuses on whether legal regulations are fulfilled or not. The following suggestions were made in the research: (1) Legal regulations should be made to transform the understanding from a control-oriented and open-seeking understanding to a more guidance-oriented understanding. (2) The structure of the Turkish Educational Supervision System should be stabilized. (3) In the Turkish Education Supervision system, a transition should be made from the double-headed system of Ministry Central Inspectors and Provincial Inspectors to the regional system directly affiliated to the Ministry, where supervision is combined under a single roof. (4) Regarding being elected as Education (Primary Education) Inspectorate; Arrangements should be made to open undergraduate programs that will increase the quality and provide pre-service inspection formation and expertise, the planned and continuity of the training that inspectors receive before and during service should be ensured, and the quality should be raised to an academic level that will enable their professional development. (5) Uncertainties should be eliminated by making the duties and job descriptions of inspectors clear and concise. (6) Regulations should be made so that inspectors are responsible for the guidance and supervision of a certain number of schools/institutions and personnel, and employment should be provided in accordance with the inspector norm to be determined. (7) A self-evaluation system should be introduced for schools/institutions and teachers, and the results of inspection and evaluation should be shared with the public. (8) The control system should be restructured with a new perspective that is in line with the developments and changes in the world, adopts the contemporary understanding of control, and is based on our historical accumulation and social values. (9) In order to eliminate the problems experienced in the Turkish education supervision system; "A new audit paradigm and philosophy should be determined, the selection, appointment and career system of inspectors should be updated, and the audit system should be restructured to solve the problems and according to a guidance-centered audit approach. Key Words: Training, Supervision, Supervision Model, Effective Supervision