Metaphysıcs in The poetry of Umayyah Ibn Abi's-Salt

This research focuses on the metaphysical elements in the poetry of the poet Umayya bin Abi's-Salt, who lived in the pre-Islamic and Islamic era. Umayya bin Abi's-Salt is one of the Hanifs who abandoned paganism before Islam and converted to a monotheistic faith. The most prominent feature that distinguishes him from other Hanifs is that he did not convert to Islam despite having a monotheistic belief. In this respect, his name is reflected in the sources as a contrary personality. The same sources agree that he was a literate, researcher, knowledgeable and cultured person. In the pre-Islamic period, the Arabian Peninsula underwent a major transformation in belief and thought. With the influence of Judaism and Christianity, the dominant religious understanding of idolatry began to weaken, and the Arab faith evolved into monotheism. In this context, Arab metaphysical thought and the metaphysical design of the universe also began to change. The representatives of the belief movement called Hanifism by Arab historical theorists were visible examples of this change. Although these Hanifs, most of whom were intellectuals and intellectuals, did not aim for a political organization, they used poetry and oratory to spread their beliefs within the Arab society and were influential in the evolution of Arab thought and belief to monotheism. Umayya ibn Abi's-Salt is one of the most famous of the so-called Hanifs. He used the art of poetry as a tool in his call for monotheism. In his poems, with the influence of the knowledge he learned from Jews and Christians, he touched upon subjects that other poets of his time did not touch upon, and he treated different contents from traditional themes in his poems. Unlike other poets, he included metaphysical elements in his poetry and designed a metaphysical universe. The aim of the thesis is to determine the metaphysical elements in the poet's poems and to understand the poet's metaphysical universe design through these elements. Before making these determinations, in order to better understand the poet's world of thought, narratives about his life were evaluated and the boundaries of the cultural environment in which he grew up were tried to be determined. In addition, the content of his poems has been analyzed and tabulated, and an effort has been made to shed light on controversial issues related to his poetry. While preparing the thesis, a diagnostic method was generally followed, a literature review and phenomenological readings were made, inferences were made, and conclusions were reached through content and data analysis methods. The determination that the poet lived in a period of cultural change and transformation in the Arabian Peninsula, his not being a Muslim due to tribal conservatism and his death in this way are some of the conclusions reached. On the other hand, after analyzing the content of the poet's poems, it was realized that the claims that he was one of the sources of inspiration of the Qur'an did not reflect the truth, which is one of the other important results reached in the thesis. This study is expected to contribute to Arabic language, Arabic history, Arabic cultural history, Arabic literature and theology studies.