Characterization and using cosmetic field of proanthocyanidins in grape leaf (Vitis vinifera) and grape seeds

CHAR ACT ERIZ AT ION AND USING COSMET IC FIELD OFPRO ANT HOCY ANIDINS IN GRAPE LE AF (VITIS VINIFERA) AND GRAPESEEDS ( AHM ET OZTURK)ABST RACTT here are several k inds of antioxidant which have various functions innature. Generally, are found in plants. T hese functions and reaction mechanismsof antioxidans show great various attitudes because of the quantity ofantioxidans in herbals and fruits, changing according to each plant and fruit. Oneof the chemical compound which shows antioxidant effect is flavanoids. T hey area k ind of phenolic type and separate into several different groups. T hese areAnthoc yanidins, Flavans and Proanthocyanidins, C-Glik ozil Flavonoids,Biflavonoids, Isoflavonoids, Neoflavonoids, Flavon and Flavonols, Flavon andFlavons glik ozids, Sm all Flavonoids.Anthoc yanidins, are known to be the pigm ent which provides to plants,Fruit organs and flowers red and blue color. T heir biosynthesis are too complexand varied.Flavans and Proanthocyanidins are also separated into groups. T hese areFlavans, Flavan-3-ols, Leucoanthoc yanidins (flavan-3,4-diols, flavan-4-ols,peltagoyd flavans), Proanthocyanidin Oligom ers (A and B type) andProanthocyanidin polimers.T he nom enclature of Proanthocyanidin are scaffolded by Halsam (1982)and then represented by Ham ingway. OligoProanthocyanidins new form ationswere then added and enlarged. Later new complex formations of flavanoidmonomers are practised in to this scheme and relations am ongst flavanoids arenam ed as it is in polysaccarides. W ithin paranthesis correlation type anddirection is started (4 ). Enantiom ers, are represented by formations lik eenantio premodels and 2R,3S states also as catechin and epicatechin.From various kinds of herbals, it is achieved to pepare m ono, di andtrim eric flavan-3-ols and using alcohol as solvent (as a dry sephadex LH20).Using the same kind of solvent systems with high porozitic polistiren gel, it isalso m anaged to m ake separation and this is also effective inside the solventprograms. Recently it has been achieved to separate with reverse phase C8, C18and CN supported column chromatograf y s ystems (ethanolic and methanolic) andalso borley and m alt herbals procyanidin with T SK gel are decom posed aspreparative reverse phase HPLC, there are lots of succesful preperative andanalytic work s were performed with the same method.At the enligthening of the constructions 300 and 500 MHz high field NMR,FAB-MS and UV spectrom eter is used.Area of their usage are generally in nutrim ent industr y, especially wineproducing. Since they are colored compounds, they are m ostly used in redwine.T here were lots of researches done on various types of grapes and collecteddetailed inform ations while preserving wine some changes occur and weremonitorized for getting those inform ations.Flavanoids; am ongst the herbal world are widely found as phenoliccompounds. In those C6,C3,C6 make the basic fromework. Low densityLipoproteins (LDL) inside the plasma are effective in preventing rapid cellincrease. In another study, it is found that quartechin compound in redwine andgrape juice has relax effects. W hy flavanoids have these high antioxidan effect isbecause of their OH substituents.Active proanthocyanidins are those which have low m olecular weight. T heycan be easily is solved in water and can be also easily absorbed by body. It isproved that they are useful at the rate of 50% overnight cramps. Againstexcessive blood clotting inside the veins of legs, headaches, inflammations, nightblindness, oxidative harms or injures, those proanthocyanidins have prophylacticeffect and tasks. But som e of those are also not effective.2T hey are anti-allergitic and also they delay the natural dying process ofcells. T hey are so effective on preventing gastric ulser. T hey show onaspirinelik e effect over the people who sm okes at least 15 cigarettes a day.First, proanthoc yanidin were extracted from grape seeds in 1951 inFrance. T hen as tim e went the researcheis in Europe showed their other usefuleffects. Grape extract is also cheaper than pine bark and it has m ore OPCcontents.T he most powerful bioflavanoids are leucoanthoc ynidins. T hey inhibit thehazardous effects of collagerase and elastase to the cell wall. T hey also supportflowing of the blood to the retina.Various flavanoid types were used in the nutrim ent and cosmeticindustries. T his k ind of highly antioxidant structures are extracted from variousplants and there are form anded to soile, T his k ind of extracts are obtained fromusing highly antioxidant plants. T hese plants are green tea, cocoa, etc but thehighest concentration is obtained from grape seed. T hose extracts are added tonutrim ents as powder or cosmetic compound or as capsule to support immunes ystem .In this study, the extraction method Folin-Ciocalteu m ethod (UV spectrometerassign) and RP-HPLC method were used. Extraction method were applicated togrape seed extracts, Folin-Ciocalteu method were applicated to obtained extractsand HPLC method were applicated to collected and ready extracts. Ourexpectation at the end of this study is to introduce after developing a m ethod forour industrialists to gain back extremely the wastes which are in no use andthrown by entering this sector at any k ind.