A review on changing journalism practices with artificial intelligence and digital platforms

Today, AI technologies are leading to profound transformations across many fields such as healthcare, education, law, and communication. One of the domains where this transformation is most deeply felt is journalism. From news gathering to production, and from distribution to verification, AI-supported tools are reshaping journalistic practices in multiple dimensions. This transformation, driven by speed and efficiency, introduces a wide range of ethical, professional, and institutional debates that extend beyond technical considerations alone. This study aims to examine the effects of AI technologies on journalistic professional practices through a multidimensional perspective based on the experiences and views of journalists. The research was designed using a qualitative method and a phenomenological approach. The study population consists of journalists working in mainstream media outlets in Türkiye. The sample includes 10 journalists selected to represent different age groups, levels of experience, and types of media. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted as the data collection method. The data obtained were analyzed using content analysis within the framework of predetermined themes. Findings reveal that journalists use AI for various purposes such as information gathering and content production; however, this usage remains largely at the individual level and has not yet evolved into a corporate strategy. In most media organizations, there is no clearly defined institutional guidance, ethical protocol, or strategic plan for AI usage; it is instead left to the personal interest and technical competence of individual journalists. The results indicate that, compared to international examples, AI adaptation within the Turkish media landscape is still at an early stage. Considering that the future of journalism is increasingly shaped by AI-supported tools and processes, media institutions must develop multidimensional and sustainable strategies to keep pace with global developments. In this context, it is essential to establish inclusive, education-oriented policies to ensure that both current journalists and future journalism professionals are prepared for this transformation.